1. Mixtures and Solutions Notes Feb 5 Write everything in the black font

2. Two major classifications of Matter 1. Pure substances – 2 Types – Element – listed on periodic table, can’t be broken down into anything else by physical or chemical changes Examples: oxygen, gold, chlorine, sodium

3. – Compound – elements CHEMICALLY combined (bonded), can’t be broken down by physical changes, but can by chemical changes Examples: water, salt, sugar, carbon dioxide 2. Mixtures – many types – Two or more pure substances that are PHYSICALLY combined

4. Types of Mixtures Solid mixtures – like alloys such as brass and stainless steel Liquid mixtures – milk, salt water Gaseous mixtures – air has nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ozone and more Mixtures with more than one phase – Carbonated beverages

5. Classification of Mixtures 1. Heterogeneous mixture Different components can be see as individual substances Examples: sand, oil and water, sand and salt

6. 2. Homogeneous mixture- same composition throughout – it looks and tests the same throughout – Solution: one substance dissolved in another – all parts are the same phase. Solute = thing that dissolved, Solvent = thing that did the dissolving Examples: salt water: solute is salt, solvent is water – Suspension: you can see the different components Examples: blood - cells are suspended in a liquid

7. Separating/Purifying Mixtures Use physical properties to separate size melting points boiling points magnetism

8. Separating/Purifying Mixtures by Physical Changes Separate a mixture of any two pure liquids with different boiling points Distillation – boil them Separate a solid solute from a liquid solvent Boil off the liquid & the solid remains, filter out the solid, centrifuge

9. Separate a mixture of gases – Cool them – they will condense to liquid at different temperatures Separate two solids – melting, magnet, filter, funnel, etc.