1. Semester Exam Review

2. Expressed in scientific notation, 0.0458 m is-

3. 4.58 x 10 -2 m

4. Physical properties can be observed without chemically changing matter. Chemical properties describe how a substance interacts with other substances

5. Particles in a solid- Particles of a solid are packed close together and the motion seems to be a vibration. Particles in a liquid- Particles of a liquid bump into each other; they push the particles farther apart and move past them. This causes the "flow" of a liquid. Particles in a gas- The particles collide with enough force to push the particles so far apart that they escape the attraction of the surrounding particles

6. You find a piece of metal at your lab station and determine the mass of the metal to be 29.5g. You fill a graduated cylinder to 20ml and place the metal sample in it. The water rises to 29 mL. What is the density of the piece of metal?

7. V= v f -v i =29 mL-20 mL v= 9 mL D = m/v = 29.5g/9mL =3.28= 3 g/mL

8. Rutherford’s gold foil experiment discovered-

9. The nucleus.

10. Compound-Made up of two or more elements chemically combined Homogeneous mixture-uniform composition, called “solutions” Heterogeneous mixture-Not uniform; consists of two or more phases Element-The simplest form of matter

11. Intensive Property-A property that does not change when the amount of sample changes. Examples are density, pressure, temperature, color. Extensive Property-A property that changes when the amount of matter in a sample changes. Examples are mass, volume, length, and charge

12. The operating frequency of a microwave oven is 4.5 x 10 12 Hz. How much energy does this microwave give off in joules?

13. E=hf (h is Planck’s constant= 6.63 x 10 -34 J·s) E=hf = (6.63 x 10 -34 J·s)(4.5 x 10 12 s -1 ) 2.98 x 10 -21 =3.0 x 10 -21 J

14. Group 1 has +1 charge Group 2 has +2 charge Group 13 has +3 charge Group 14 has +4/-4 charge Group 15 has -3 charge Group 16 has -2 charge Group 17 has -1 charge

16. Atomic Radius- Decreases across a period & Increases down a group Electronegativity- Increases across a period & Decreases down a group Ionization Energy- Increases across a period & Decreases down a group Cation- Cations are smaller than the atom from which they were formed Anion- Anions are larger than the atom from which they were formed

18. Valence Electrons per group Group 1- 1 Group 2- 2 Group 13- 3 Group 14- 4 Group 15- 5 Group 16- 6 Group 17- 7 Group 18- 8

19. The element with electron configuration 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 is-

20. If I add up my electrons which are (1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 ) 2+2+6+2+6 = 16 Then my element has to be Sulfur (S).

21. Microwaves are used to transmit information. What is the wavelength of a microwave having a frequency of 6.45 x 10 4 Hz? (Speed of light = 3 x 10 8 m/s)

22. λ=c/ f = (3 x 10 8 m/s)/ (6.45 x 10 4 s -1 ) = 4651 m= 4.651 x 10 3 m

23. Pd-105 has 59 neutrons. The neutral atom has how many electrons?

24. 46 electrons

25. Lewis Dot Diagrams represent the valence electrons of each atom. Ex. Carbon

26. What would the overall charge (sum of the oxidation numbers) of the compound magnesium chloride, BeCl 2, be?

27. 0

28. What is the correct formula for Sodium sulfite?

29. Na 2 SO 3

30. What is the name for the compound N 2 F 3 ?

31. Dinitrogen trifluoride

32. When a bond transfers its valence electrons from the cation to the anion it forms an ionic bond.

33. Ionic compounds-contain a metal (cation) & a nonmetal (anion) Covalent compounds-contain 2 nonmetals. Acids- begin with H (Hydrogen)

34. What is the total number of atoms in the compound Mg(ClO 3 ) 2 ?

35. Mg- 1 atom Cl- 2 atoms O-6 atoms 1+2+6 = 9 total atoms