1. Today’s Targets Introduction to Non-Fiction Important terms and definitions Non-Fiction a.I can identify the characteristics and understand the purpose of various text structures as it relates to the main idea. b.I can evaluate the clarity and accuracy of the information by differentiating between fact and opinion and drawing conclusions from explicit and implied information. c.I can identify the position or argument of a text and discuss whether it was confirmed, disproved, or modified. d.I can organize and synthesize information for writing and/or oral presentations in order to solve problems, answer questions, and/or complete a task. Vocabulary 1. I can analyze the meaning of a word by breaking it down into prefixes, suffixes, and roots, finding cognates, and using synonyms and antonyms.

2. Non-fiction is writing that tells about real people, places, and events; written to give factual information. What is Non-fiction? Where do we see and read non-fiction?

3. Non-fiction Where do we see and read non-fiction? newspaper Twitter personal textbooks Twitter news outlet letters & journals online news outlet speech TV news AND MORE

4. General Terms Fact : a true statement with creditability; a statement that can be proved or verified. Synonyms : Truth Reality Certainty Specific Information Data

5. Opinion : statement that cannot be proved because it expresses a person’s beliefs, feelings, or thoughts. General Terms Synonyms: Feeling Belief Theory Viewpoint

6. General Terms Main Idea : the focal point of the text; most important idea about the topic that a writer or speaker is stating to the reader or audience. Synonyms: Chief idea Major idea Central idea

7. With a partner, read the article “Is Summer Break Necessary?” **As you read, UNDERLINE 5 FACTS and CIRCLE 3 OPINIONS. **Write the MAIN IDEA at the end of the article. CIRCLE How could you prove if a statement is a fact? How do you determine if a statement is an opinion?

8. How are the terms FACT, OPINION, and MAIN IDEA more applicable to non-fiction than other genres of literature? FICTION NON-FICTION POETRY DRAMA

9. The Author Purpose : the reason an author is writing about the subject To persuade To inform To entertain Ask yourself: “What is the goal of the author in this piece of non-fiction?” P – to persuade I – to inform E- to entertain P ersuade I nform E ntertain Which piece of PIE is the author serving?

10. The Author Speaker : the “voice” that talks to the reader. As a reader or listener, you need to determine the speaker’s facts or opinions, main idea, and purpose.

11. The Author Subject : the topic the writer is writing about; the topic the speaker is speaking about. Synonyms : Topic Issue Point Audience : the person reading the writer’s writing; the person listening to the speaker’s speech. Synonyms : Listener Reader

12. The Author Tone : the author’s attitude toward the subject. NOTE: T in Tone T in auThor Use have a handout listing tone words in the literature section of your binder.

13. The Author Perspective : the author’s viewpoint toward a subject; TONE helps to reveal an author’s perspective. Synonyms : Outlook Attitude Point of view

14. The Author Characteristic (Persona) : “voice” that the author uses in their writing; can be like a mask separating their identity from the subject Synonyms : Face Character Mask

15. Author’s Style: the particular way in which a work is written – not what is being said, but how it is said. Expository: explains an idea, process, or definition; explains information and ideas. Expository example: “How to” Persuasive: convinces the reader or argues a point; convinces readers to adopt a certain viewpoint or to take a particular stand Persuasive example: Speech

16. Author’s Style Narrative: tells a story; characters, setting, and plot are real not imaginary Narrative examples: autobiography, biography, memoir, diary, journal Reflective : considers the past to provide insight about the present or future; connection between personal observation or experience and universal idea (love, courage, freedom) Reflective example: diary, personal log, response to an event

17. Author’s Style Descriptive: creates an impression on the reader through specific language; sensory language, figurative language, rich detail Descriptive examples: Travel guides, poetry about actual events, catalogue,

18. Author’s Structure/Organization Pattern Cause and Effect: The relationship between one event and a connected event/s are examined Cause and Effect Example: History textbook Problem and Solution: An issue is presented and then a remedy is given Problem and Solution Example: Editorial Compare and Contrast: Differences and similarities of two variables are shared Compare and Contrast Example: Consumer Report magazine

19. Author’s Structure/Organization Pattern Generalization: Claiming that all things are the same/making a universal statement Generalization Example: Persuasive Editorial Definition/Concept: A topic/idea is analyzed in the most specific terms Definition/Concept Example: Science textbook Chronological/Sequential: Events are presented in the order in which they happened or in a logical sequence Chronological/Sequential Example: Timeline, History textbook, newspaper articles

20. Author’s Structure/Organization Pattern Enumeration/Listing: A list is given in no particular order Enumeration/Listing Example: Top 100 list, guides and catalogues  Turn to page 6 in your packet. Using your notes, determine which text structure would be used for the list of nonfiction titles.  Make note of the box titled “Text Structure Signal Words.” Look over the words often used to indicate text structure in nonfiction writing.