1. MOS 3330 Operations Management Professor Burjaw Fall/Winter 2014-2015

2. Learning Objectives: 1. Process types 2. Facility layout types 3. Manufacturing technology 4. Product design basics MOS 3330Process & Product Design 2

3.  Process:  Process: How to transform input into output  Classification by  Type of product flow (fixed position, jumbled flow, line flow, continuous flow)  Approach to customer orders (make-to-order, make-to-stock, assemble-to-order)  Amount of customization  Our focus  demand volume vs. product standardization (product variety; the level of customization) MOS 3330Process & Product Design 3

4. MOS 3330 Process & Product Design 4 Product Standardization High LowHigh Low Project Batchprocess Massprocess Continuousprocess Product Volume Job shop Continuousoperations Intermittentoperations

5.  Project:  Project: one-at-a-time product exactly to customer specifications  Batch:  Batch: small quantity of products in batches based on actual or expected customer orders  Mass:  Mass: large volume of a standardized product, assembly line format  Continuous  Continuous: continually produce a very high volume of a fully standardized product MOS 3330 Process & Product Design 5 IntermittentContinuous Product variety Product flow Approach to customer orders Type of equipment Degree of automation Throughput time WIP inventory Critical resources Small Great Make-to-order Jumbled General purpose Low Labour Longer Make-to-stock Line Specialized High Capital Shorter Less More

6.  For intermittent operations  Process layout:  Process layout: groups resources based on similar processes  Warehouse layout, office layout  For continuous operations  Product layout:  Product layout: arranges resources in sequence  Assembly lines  Hybrid between process and product layouts  Cell layout:  Cell layout: grouping of products based on similar requirements  Fixed-position layout:  Fixed-position layout: used when the product is too big and cannot easily be moved (e.g., bridge construction)  Retail layout:  Retail layout: allocates space based on customer behaviour MOS 3330Process & Product Design 6

7. MOS 3330 Process & Product Design 7 A 12 3 Product layout Cell layout Process layout 1 245 3 6 A B C Radiology Exam room Surgery Laboratory Physicaltherapy Lobby 1 3 2 5 4 A, B, C

8. MOS 3330Process & Product Design 8 Product Standardization High LowHigh Low General purpose FMS Focused automation Dedicated automation Product Volume Group Technology Continuous operations Intermittent operations

9.  Group technology  Grouping of dissimilar automated machines to produce a family of parts  Flexible manufacturing system (FMS)  Consists of numerous programmable machine tools connected by an automated material handling system  Robotics  Controlled by a computer; can perform complex tasks  Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)  Controlling manufacturing through computers  Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)  Integration of product design, process planning, and manufacturing through computers MOS 3330Process & Product Design 9

10.  Cost, volume, product maturity level, labour/technology availability  Matching process and corporate strategy IntermittentContinuous Corporate strategyCustomized productsMass market Operations strategyLow volume, customized serviceHigh volume Competitive prioritiesVolume flexibility, customizationLow cost  Matching process and product  product design MOS 3330Process & Product Design 10

11.  Process of defining all of the product’s characteristics  General steps in product design 1. Idea development (customer driven, reverse engineering, R&D) 2. Product screening (feasibility study) 3. Preliminary design and testing 4. Final design  Faster introduction of new products  Concurrent engineering:  Concurrent engineering: Multifunctional team approach to simultaneously design the product and the process  Computer-aided design (CAD):  Computer-aided design (CAD): Use of computer graphics to design new products MOS 3330Process & Product Design 11

12. Improving Product Development with Design-Stage Simulations – White Paper One of the barriers to simulating products early in the design process is that design engineers do not have access to powerful, easy-to-use simulation products  In this white paper, product development team at SOLIDWORKS explain how accurate FEA, CFD and thermal simulations in the design process can improve product development  http://www.engineering.com/ResourceMain.aspx?resid=228&utm_source=recommended_designere dge&utm_medium=web&utm_campaign=solidworksQ125 http://www.engineering.com/ResourceMain.aspx?resid=228&utm_source=recommended_designere dge&utm_medium=web&utm_campaign=solidworksQ125 Deconstructing the Design Process #1: Commercializing a Product Design 1st has many experts that work with clients, drawing from their experience with products, industries, designs and methods, to provide some insights for people with questions on product design, prototyping and manufacturing.  Some of the things this article talks about is why use a manufacturing expert to guide you and the key steps for manufacturing you can take during the design process  http://www.obj.ca/Blog-Article/b/26570/Deconstructing-the-Design-Process-1-Commercializing-a- Product http://www.obj.ca/Blog-Article/b/26570/Deconstructing-the-Design-Process-1-Commercializing-a- Product