1. Ch 13 S2 Skeletal System
pg 444 Functions of your skeleton system
all of your bones make up your skeletal system.
The skeletal has 5 functions
gives shape and support
protect internal organs
major muscles are attached and help them move.
blood cells are formed in the red marrow
major quantities of calcium and phosphourous are stored in the skeleton for later use.

2. There are 206 bones in the human body
26 small bones or vertebrae make up your back bone.

3. Joints
pg 446
A rubbery layer of tissue found at the end of bones where they form joints is called cartilage.
Cartilage is flexible and acts as a shock absorber.
Reduces friction
when two or more bones come together is called a joint.
Ligaments connect bone to bone
Tendons connect bone to muscle

4. Joints pg 446 Types of Joints There are two basic types of joints
Immovable and Movable
example of immovable is your skull

5. Joints Moveable joints include pivot, ex : turning your head,
ball and socket, shoulder
hinge, knee
glidding, wrists

6. Bone Structure pg 448 Bone structure
The human body has 4 basic bone layers
Periosteum
compact bone
spongy bone
Marrow
Bone development
Ossification is when the cartilage is replaced by hard deposits of calcium phosphate

7. Periosteum
pg 448
The thin fibrous membrane that covers the entire surface of the bone is the periosteum.
It is a layer of very thin white skin. This layer is full of blood vessels and nerves that supply the cells of the hard compact bone.
It also contains cells involved in the growth and repair of bones.

8. compact bone
pg 448
Compact Bone is very dense and rigid, and is filled with tiny holes
has deposits of calcium phosphate. they make the bone hard

10. spongy bone pg 448 Spongy bone
spongy bone is located toward the ends of the long bones.
Helps absorb shock from impacts.

11. Marrow Pg
Marrow produces either white blood cells (which fight infection) , red blood cells (which carry oxygen), or platelets (that stop bleeding).
An average of 2.6 million red blood cells are produced each second by the bone marrow to replace those worn out and destroyed by the liver.

12. Taking Care of your bones
Pg 450
Diet and Exercise
Osteoporosis is the condition in which the body’s bones become weak and break easily.

13. Question What are the five functions of the skeleton?
Give shape and support
Enable you to move
Produce blood cells
Store minerals
Protect your organs

14. Question
2. The passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring is called?
Heredity
3. The outside boundary of the cell is called?
Cell membrane
Groups of tissues working together to perform a function is called?
Organ

15. Question
How many bones are in an adult human? 206 A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce is called? Adaptation

16. Question
Who is the father of genetics? Gregor Mendel Who took a flask with broth and proved that spontaneous generation did not occur. He came up with the theory of biogenious? Louis Pasteur

17. Question
What is an organism that can make its own food called? Producer and…. Autotrophs A factor that can change in an experiment, there can be only one in an experiment? Variable

18. Question
When a cell membrane lets some substance pass through and others can not is called? Selectively permeable The green pigment in plants that helps in photosynthesis is called? Chlorophyll

19. Question
During the cell cycle, what comes after the metaphase? Anaphase What is the name for a possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question is called a? Hypothesis

20. Question
A preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past? Fossil A genetic disorder in which the body produces abnormally thick mucus in the lungs and intestines? Cystic Fibrosis