1. Acids and Bases and You

2. Acids are… –Donate a hydrogen ion when mixed with another substance –H + -means it had a hydrogen to donate –Make foods taste sour –Burning (some bases do too) or tingling feeling to the skin –Corrosive –0-6 on pH scale –turn litmus paper red, orange, or pink

3. Bases are… –Accepts a hydrogen ion when mixed with another substance –H - -means it had a hydrogen to accept –Make foods taste bitter –Feels slimy –8-14 on pH scale –turn litmus paper Blue, Green, Purple

4. Neutral is… –Does not accept or donate hydrogen…is happy the way it is! –Has a pH of 7 (some people argue 6-8 is neutral) –When a product becomes neutralized (mixing of acid and a base) it becomes water and salt –Turns litmus paper white, clear, yellow, or a light green

5. Measuring in the pH Scale

6. pH scale is… The measurement of how strong the substance is in relationship to the amount of hydrogen ions If there is a lot of hydrogen it is an acid Think of hydrogen by itself as acidic the more you have the more acidic Less hydrogen more basic –Every liquid in the world has a pH –pH is measured in a scale of 0-14 0-6 acid –High hydrogen count –Reds, pinks, oranges and yellows 7 neutral –yellows, clear, white, green 8-14 base –low hydrogen count –green, purples and blues –measure pH using litmus paper

7. To make it neutral –When you mix an acid and a base you potentially can make it neutral –If you have an acid of 6 and an equal amount of 8 base and mix them it will make it neutral –Same goes if I have an acid of 0 and an equal amount of base of level 14 they will be neutralized

8. What the pH scale means For every step stronger on the scale represents a 10x change in hydrogen –Ex. pH2 has 10x more hydrogen then pH3 pH10 has 10x more hydrogen then pH11 Neutral has 0 hydrogen

9. Now you try –You figure out: will it be an acid, base, or neutral 100 ml of a substance with a pH of 6 and a 100 ml of a substance with pH 9 –Base 100 ml of a substance with a pH of 2 and a 100 ml of a substance with pH 9 –Acid 100 ml of a substance with a pH of 2 and 200 ml of a substance with a pH of 9 –Base