1. OBD Safety Inspection 5/3/2016

2. Presentation Highlights Overview of DrewTech How safety inspections work today Missed opportunity Potential OBD safety data Path to collecting OBD safety data Leveraging OBD for better, faster inspections Example Steps forward

3. Drew Technologies Founded and incorporated in 1996 Core focus on vehicle communications and diagnostics Focus on developing vehicle communications standards –SAE J2534 (Vehicle Interface) –SAE J1699 (OBD Compliance) –TMC RP1210 (HD Truck) –DoIP (Automotive Ethernet) –FDCAN (Next-Gen CAN) Advisors to car companies, EPA, California ARB, BAR, several I/M programs Popular technician products: CarDAQ, Mongoose, and IMclean Products for professionals that inspect, diagnose, and repair cars

4. My Background

5. Safety Inspections Today Car arrives for safety inspection OBD tool is plugged in to read out VIN Technician is directed to perform visual inspection and mechanical tests Car is determined safe or not safe

6. Missed Opportunity The car can tell you more about itself than a visual test can determine Many modules can contain their own self-tests and trouble codes related to Powertrain, Body, Chassis, and Network Many of these trouble codes may not illuminate the dash light! Right now the only way to audit a visual test is to send an undercover car and check the results

7. Potential OBD Safety Systems OBDVisual airbagsx backup lampsx brake drums and discsx brake failure warning lampsx brake pedal reservex fuel tankx headlampsx hydraulic systemx master cylinderx other lampsx seat beltsx seatsx steering wheel, alignment, suspensionx tiresx transmissionx body items x brake linings or pads x brake performance x bumper (rear and protection) x door (front latches) x emergency brake x exhaust system x fender and flaps x floor and other panels x glass x hazard switch x horn x mirrors x parking brakes x plates and plate lights x reflectors x spring, torsion bars, shocks x universal joints x vehicle alterations within regulations x wheels x windshield condition x windshield wipers x

8. Specific Safety Tests – OBD2 Capability OBDVisualcomments ABS Light x Air bag light x Anti-theft system no fault x Back up lamps x Backup alert system no fault x Ball joints x Blind spot detection system no fault x Body items x Brake drums and discs x Brake failure warning lamp x Brake lining or pads x Brake pedal reserve x Brake performance xpotential tablet brake test Brakes (ABS) x Bumper (rear end protection) x Check engine light x Clearance lamps x Climate control system no fault x functional heat and air conditioning Collision avoidance system no fault x systems that apply brakes when collision is eminant Cruise control system no fault x Directional signals x Door (front latches) x Drive by wire system no fault x Driver warning system no fault x Emergency brake xxdetects electronic park brake failure Emissions x Engine cooling fans no fault x prevent car from overheating Engine fuel system no fault x check codes for fuel sensors, e85, pressure, etc Engine ignition system no fault x check codes for ignition system Engine misfire not detected x proper engine operation Engine sensors no fault x oil pressure, temperature, etc EVAP system no fault x check for tank leak, cannister, etc. Exhaust system x Fenders and flaps x Floor and other panels x Fuel tank – cap x system trouble codes if gascap not present Glass x Guided parallel park system no fault x Hazard switch x check to see if ECU detects hazard inop (Circuit open, etc) Headlamps x Height altered x Horn xx can send a horn chirp command and then pc microphone can listen for it Lane keeping assist system no fault x Master cylinder x OBD system detects code if fluid low OBDVisualcomments Mirrors xxcan detect problem with electronic adjustable Parking brakes xxcan detect problems with electronic brake module Parking lamps x Pedestrian safety system no fault x new cars with pedestrian airbags and countermeasures Plates and plate light xxcan detect plate light circuit out Reflectors x Registration certificate x Seat belts xxdetects if not wired in, not working Seatbelt pre-tensioners no fault x Seats xxdetects presence module, electronics Side market lamps x detects bulb out Springs, torsion bars, shocks x Stability control system no fault x Steer by wire system no fault x Steering, alignment and suspension xxpartial, detects steer by wire fault Stop lamps x Tail lamps x Telematics system no fault x onstar - crash detection, etc Tire pressure system no fault x Tires xxtmps fault tire pressure detect Traction control system no fault x Transmission x Universal joints x Vehicle charging system no fault x Vehicle network health check x detect unterminated bus, error frames, etc Wheel safety chock blocks x Wheels x Windshield x Windshield wipers xxcan turn wipers on/off from OBD, user can verify operation

9. OBD Systems Variation by Year OBD safety can be performed on 96-2016. In 96: typically engine and transmission ECUs ~ 2000: ABS, air bag, body, traction control ~ 2010: Advanced cruise control, lane departure, blind spot detection, drive- by-wire, steer-by-wire, tire pressure monitoring, anti-theft system, climate control, ~ 2016: guided parking, autonomous braking, collision avoidance systems, EV battery and charging system, driver warning system, pedestrian safety system, telematics systems Some makes have different phase-in years for technology A 2008 GM may report a fault code if a headlight is burned out That capability may not be available on a Toyota until several model years later

10. How to add OBD2 Safety into a Program Need three things: A capable OBD interface OBD safety software A policy on how to use “OBD Safety data”

11. A Safety Capable OBD interface Some systems are available on the powertrain network. I.e.: –Engine faults –ABS Breaks Other systmes are on other networks such as body, infotainment, etc. I.e.: –Headlights and tail lights –Seat belts and supplemental restraints Accessing those other networks requires a more capable OBD device. –SAE J2534 compliant device –Pin switching to connect on non-emissions networks Without a J2534 device and pin switching functionality you may still get some safety information, but it will be less complete

12. OBD Safety Inspection Software Once you have a capable OBD device, you still need safety inspection software This software will act like a “scantool” It will query all modules on the car and ask their status When modules report back with faults, it must decode the fault message to tell you –Which module reported the fault AND –What the fault is This safety application could potentially work for 1996 and newer vehicles

13. OBD Safety Data Use and Policy The first step is to begin collecting OBD safety data. It can be done silently without informing the technician. Once it’s collected, it can be compared to the visual results. For example: –Does a technician PASS a vehicle that has an ABS light active –Does a technician fail a vehicle for an airbag problem when there are no fault codes in the SRS system After the collection phase, the system could be used in several different ways: –Suggest trouble areas that require further visual inspection –Automate some steps on certain vehicles to reduce time –Flag a potential fraud scenario where a shop’s visual inspection results are not consistent with the expected results from the OBD safety test –Generate a vehicle diagnostic report for the vehicle owner

14. OBD Safety Benefits Many visual inspection items can be automated and authenticated Benefits to state, contractor, motorist, general public –You are already plugged into OBD, why not give them a list of diagnostic codes –You capture these codes before the inspection starts. Great snapshot of vehicle health before it’s touched by a technician –Will make cars safer –Reduce inspection time –Allow state to capture digital inspection results to the VID

15. Next Steps You can start simple with OBD safety and just begin collecting and analyzing data When the program goes out to bid, be sure to specify and select a capable OBD interface The first implementation of an OBD safety test can be as simple or sophisticated as the jurisdiction desires There is a potential to automate many things and reduce inspection time in the future

16. Video Demonstration

17. Questions?