1. 1 Insects! Good Guys Bad Guys 1. 2.2. 3.3.

2. 2 Interactions in the Ecosystem Limiting Factors A resource that is so scarce that it limits the size of a population is called a limiting factor. Examples???? Carrying Capacity The largest population that an environment can support is known as the carrying capacity.

3. 3 Competition! Individuals and Populations Interact - When two or more individuals or populations try to use the same resource, such as food, water, shelter, space, or sunlight, it is called competition. Competition can happen within a population, or between populations.

4. 4 Predators and Prey Predators are organisms that eat all or part of another organism. Organisms that are killed and eaten by other organisms are called prey. Predator Adaptations To survive, predators must be able to catch their prey. Predators have a wide variety of methods and abilities for doing so.

5. 5 Adaptations Camouflage One way animals avoid being eaten is by being hard to see. Blending in with the background is called camouflage. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Defensive Chemicals Some animals defend themselves with chemicals. The skunk and the bombardier beetle both spray predators with irritating chemicals. Bees, ants, and wasps inject a powerful acid into their attackers. Chapter 18

6. 6 More Adaptations Warning Coloration Animals that have a chemical defense need a way to warn predators that they should look elsewhere for a meal. Their chemical weapons are often advertised by warning colors. Mimicry Animals look like another animal or object to gain protection

7. Symbiotic Relationships

8. Symbiosis When 2 species live in such close partnership that if one dies the other may also perish There are 3 types of symbiosis, Mutualism, Parasitism, and Commensalism. Mutualism+ + Mutualism is when both organisms benefit from the relationship. An example, ants are living in an young acacia plant.

9. It's Mutual! Hummingbird and flower Pompeii worm & bacteria in thermal vents t he most heat-tolerant animal on Earth with bacteria that form a "fleece-like" covering on their backs. the worms secrete mucous from tiny glands on their backs to feed the bacteria, and in return they are protected by some degree of insulation. Lichen Nemo!!! Leafhoppers & Meat ants H oppers produce secretions that meat ants will feed on. In return, they protect them from predators. www.treehugger.com www.clccharter.org http://www.elkhornslough.org/s loughlife/plants/lichen.htm http:// mangrove.nu s.edu.sg/pub/seashore/t ext/265.htm

10. Ants on a leafcutter Cleaner shrimp & Moray Eel Plover & Nile Crocodile Symbiosis - Biology Encyclopedia - plant, body, process, animal... www.biologyreference.com 7 Symbiotic Wonders of the Aerial World | WebEcoist webecoist.momtastic.com Helping each other!

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12. A relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not affected. Orchids are epiphytes (plants that grow on other plants). They grow high in the canopy of rainforest on the branches of trees. The orchids benefit in several ways. The main benefit is probably that they can get more sunlight. In addition, they may be more easily visited by the moths which pollinate them. Also, because they are up high the wind can more easily catch and spread their tiny seeds. Commensalism + 0 A Giant in the Rainforest: The Kapok Tree | NYBG www.nybg.orgww.nybg.org

13. 13 Parasitism + - Parasitism is when one organism benefits and one is hurt by the relationship. A tick on a dog is an example of a Parasite (flea) that benefits while harming its host, the dog. Plasmodium falciparum http://www.medicine.cmuhttp://www.medicine.cmu. ac.th/dept/parasite/proto/p 030-1.jpg

14. WOWBUGS... tiny parasitic wasps that lay eggs in the Blowfly pupa case... a natural pest control! http://evergreen.loyola.edu/drivers/www/riverslab.htm www.buzzle.com