1. NURS 432: Nursing Care in the Community
Spring 2016
Stephanie Durfor, PhD, RN, PHN

2. Community Health Nursing Public Health Nursing

3. Trends in Health Care
Current trend to move more care into community settings and to reduce the number of hospital days for “sick” clients
Community care is less expensive
Community care is more appealing to people who prefer to remain at home rather than be treated in a hospital
This trend is expected to grow and with it the role of the nurse in community settings will likewise grow and continue to change

4. What is Community Health Nursing?
What is it and how is it different from acute care nursing?
Community-based Nursing Practice
Population-focused Nursing Practice

5. What’s the Difference? Patient/Client: an individual
Acute Care Nursing
Community Health Nursing
Patient/Client: an individual
More narrow practice focus
Patient/Client: a population or community
More global practice focus

6. Community Health Nursing
Community-based Nursing
Population-focused Nursing

7. Community Health Nursing: Community-based Nursing Practice
Refers to the application of the nursing process in caring for individuals, families, and groups where they live, work, or go to school or as they move through the health care system
Practicing nursing in the community
Levels of Prevention: Secondary & Tertiary

8. Community-based Nursing Roles
Home Health
Hospice/Palliative Care
Clinics
Case Management
Parish Nursing
Amusement Parks
Cruise Ships
Concerts
Camp Nurse

9. Community Health Nursing: Population-focused Nursing Practice
Community-oriented; Population-oriented
Synthesis of nursing practice and public health practice applied to promoting and preserving the health of populations
A specialty with a distinct focus and scope of practice requiring a special knowledge base
Goal: prevention of disease and disability for all people through the creation of conditions in which people can be healthy
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Examples:
Public Health Nursing
School Nursing
Occupational Health

10. What is Public Health?
Community efforts designed to prevent disease and promote health

11. Public Health Core Functions
Assessment
Systematic data collection about a population
Includes monitoring the population’s health status and providing information about the health of the community
Policy Development
Developing policies that support the health of the population through leadership and research
Assurance
Making sure that essential community-oriented health services are available
Includes providing essential personal health services for individuals as well as a competent PH workforce

12. Essentials of Public Health Nursing
Conducting Community Assessments
Preventing and Controlling Epidemics
Providing Safe and Healthy Environment
Measuring Performance, Effectiveness, and Outcomes of Health Services
Promoting Healthy Lifestyles
Providing Targeted Outreach and Forming Partnerships

13. Intervention Wheel Framework for public health nursing practice
3 Distinct Elements
1: Model is population based
2: Model encompasses three levels of practice
Community
Systems
Individual/family
3: Identifies and defines 17 public health interventions

15. Levels of Prevention Nursing Process in Community Health
Nursing Interventions
3 Levels of Prevention
Primary Prevention
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Diagnosis and Treatment
Tertiary Prevention
Rehabilitation, Health Restoration, and Palliative Care