1. Intensive Farming

2.  Read lines 1—5.  Identify any two positive aspects of Central Valley, California, which are conveyed in these lines. Use your own words in your answer.

3.  Highlight answers in passage  Turn into your own words  Bullet point  If possible give more answers than you need to ( 3 for 2 marks)

4.  The variety of different crops and plants being grown  There is a large and profitable dairy industry  There is clean air  The very large volume of trees

5.  Read lines 6—10.  By referring to at least two examples, analyse how the writer’s use of language creates a negative impression of Central Valley.

6.  Highlight all effective examples of:  Word choice  Imagery  Sentence Structure  Use the appropriate sub-heading  Answer in appropriate way

7.  Quote sentence you are analysing  Identify the relevant features  Analyse their effect.

8.  “Among the perfectly aligned...or shrubs.’  There is a list of the animals, insects and plants which are not found amongst the trees.  This has a cumulative effect making it seem like there is so much nature missing and highlights how unusual and unnatural this place is as these are all things you would expect to find near trees.  This unnatural state is further emphasised by the repetition of ‘no’ before each item in the list, which underlines the absence of what should be there.

9.  Quote a word or short phrase  Discuss the connotations  Explain how these help to convey the writer’s point

10.  ‘disturbing’ has connotations of something unsettling and worrying. This suggests that the writer feels that the farm is unnatural and is concerned by this.

11.  “In their short...see grass.”  This short sentence provides a climax to the paragraph.

12. 1. Quote the word or phrase linking back 2. Say what idea it links back to 3. Quote the word or phrase linking forward 4. Say what it links forward to

13.  “intensification from America’ links back to the discussion of intensive dairy farming in California.  “farming in Britain ‘ links forward to the discussion of how the problems facing British farming.

14.  Read lines 42—55.  Explain how the writer continues the idea that the Central Valley dairy farming is “nightmarish”. Use your own words in your answer. You should make three key  points.

15.  Find the quotation  Identify at least 3 different points  Paraphrase these  Explain means you must give a reasonable amount of detail.

16.  She describes the horrendous air pollution caused by the mega dairies. She illustrates this by comparing it to the pollution in a crowded city.  She also describes the terrible, overpowering smell of manure. This is worse, because of the chemical diet of the animals.  The farms dominate the landscape and they look unpleasant. Her descriptions focus on concrete, dirt and other unwelcoming aspects of how they appear.

17.  Read lines 56—63.  Evaluate the effectiveness of the final paragraph as a conclusion to the writer’s  criticism of industrial farming.

18.  Identify aspects which make this an effective conclusion:  Link back to earlier /main ideas (say what these are)  Strong climax  Elements of style.