1. Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution

2. Conquest by the Cradle 2 major distinguishing characteristics of rebellious settlements: 1) Population Boom 2) Political Consequences

3. Population Boom In 1700 there were fewer than 300,000 people (20,000 Africans) In 1775 there were 2.5 million people (1/2 million Africans) – Nearly 400,000 white immigrants – Colonists were doubling their numbers every 25 years – Average age of the American colonist was 16

4. Political Consequences In 1700 there were about 20 English subjects per 1 American colonist In 1775 there were about 3 American colonists for every 1 British subject – This sets the stage for a significant shift in the balance of power between the colonies and Britain – Most populated colonies: VA, MA, PA, NC, MD – 4 Cities: Philadelphia, Boston, New York, Charleston

5. The Structure of Colonial Society Available land for settlement within the borders begins to dwindle- families are continuing to grow and the land is subdivided Growing gap between the rich and poor whites in the south (largest pop of wealth is slave owners) Continuous flow of indentured servants in all colonies increased lower class population

6. The Structure of Colonial Society There was a distinct openness of social class in relation to England – No Titled Nobility – No lower underclass Anyone had the opportunity to rise from a lower class to a higher one with the exception of slavery Prominent people were still commonly seated in churches and schools because of their social rank

7. Enlightenment in England Scientific Revolution in England- Development of new ideas about the world and the way that it functioned (less focus on God and the Church) Rise of intellectuals in areas other than science such as literature, art, and philosophy Celebration of new ideas- people began to voice their thoughts without fear