1. The Crime Picture Welcome to Unit 2!!!! Welcome to Unit 2!!!!

2. A few reminders ….. Your Professor,,,,,,,, Your Professor,,,,,,,, Lives and works in Minnesota Lives and works in Minnesota Over 20 years of CJ experience including: Corrections, Courts, Water Patrol, Private Security, Police, State Trooper and currently assigned to the Recon/CSI unit. Over 20 years of CJ experience including: Corrections, Courts, Water Patrol, Private Security, Police, State Trooper and currently assigned to the Recon/CSI unit.

3. KU stands for Kaplan University KU stands for Kaplan University Each class is 10 weeks long Each class is 10 weeks long Each week is called a Unit Each week is called a Unit Each Unit has several graded items – check grade book!! Each Unit has several graded items – check grade book!!

4. Each Unit/week starts on a Wednesday and ends on the following Tuesday at midnight Each Unit/week starts on a Wednesday and ends on the following Tuesday at midnight Most instructors will have grades updated within a couple of days after the Unit closes. Most instructors will have grades updated within a couple of days after the Unit closes. Always check your grade book, course announcements and KU email Always check your grade book, course announcements and KU email

5. Reading Reading – each Unit has a Reading link – tells you which chapter(s) to read Reading – each Unit has a Reading link – tells you which chapter(s) to read Electronic chapter and PPT Electronic chapter and PPT Read both Read both

6. Discussion Questions Each Unit has a Discussion Board Question Each Unit has a Discussion Board Question Must give a 100 word answer Must give a 100 word answer Must reply to at least 1 other student – quality reply Must reply to at least 1 other student – quality reply

7. Quizzes Many Units will have a Quiz Many Units will have a Quiz You can always retake a quiz to get a better grade You can always retake a quiz to get a better grade However, quizzes are only open during the open Unit, never accepted late. However, quizzes are only open during the open Unit, never accepted late.

8. Seminars No seminars during Units 5 or 10 No seminars during Units 5 or 10 Alternate seminar paper – 1 page summary of what we covered Alternate seminar paper – 1 page summary of what we covered Upload to DocSharing, NOT Dropbox Upload to DocSharing, NOT Dropbox

9. Terminology Violent Crime Violent Crime –Crimes against people that are violent in nature Property Crime Property Crime –Crimes committed against property Clearance Rates Clearance Rates –Number of crimes reported versus number of crimes solved

10. Crime Statistics Provide an overview of crime in this country Provide an overview of crime in this country Decision makers use crime statistics to Decision makers use crime statistics to –Evaluate existing programs –Plan new legislation –Design new programs –Determine needs

11. Sources of Crime Statistics Uniform Crime Report (UCR) Uniform Crime Report (UCR) * Crimes reported to police National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) * Crimes reported by victims

12. Uniform Crime Report Since 1930, FBI has been compiling statistics on crimes known to police Since 1930, FBI has been compiling statistics on crimes known to police Police departments (about 16,000) voluntarily submit data Police departments (about 16,000) voluntarily submit data FBI puts data into the Crime Index FBI puts data into the Crime Index

13. What is the Crime Index? Measures Part 1 offenses of the UCR Measures Part 1 offenses of the UCR Gives crime rate number and comparisons for regions, dates, crimes Gives crime rate number and comparisons for regions, dates, crimes

14. Part 1 Offences (8) Murder Murder The unlawful killing of another human being. ● Least likely of the part 1 crimes ● Most likely to be cleared ● Most likely to be cleared

15. Part 1 Offences (8) Forcible Rape Forcible Rape Sexual relations with another by force and/or without consent ● Least reported of all crimes ● Least reported of all crimes ● Under UCR, only includes rapes of females ● Under UCR, only includes rapes of females Rape is broken down into a variety of categories (sexual battery, statutory rape, date rape)

16. Part 1 Offenses (8) Robbery Robbery The unlawful taking or attempted taking of the property of another in the presence of the victim with the use of threat or force

17. Part 1 Offenses (8) Aggravated Assault Aggravated Assault The unlawful, intentional inflicting or attempting to inflict serious bodily harm or injury of another ● Assaults broken down into 2 categories SimpleAggravated

18. Part 1 Offenses (8) Theft/Larceny Theft/Larceny The unlawful taking or attempting to take the property of another with the intent to permanently deprive the other ● often not reported because loses are small ● often not reported because loses are small ● includes trains, planes, boats, most farm equipment ● includes trains, planes, boats, most farm equipment

19. Part 1 Offenses (8) Motor Vehicle Theft Motor Vehicle Theft The theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle ● motor vehicle is anything that is a self propelled road vehicle that runs on land surface and not on rails ● high reporting rates/low clearance rates ● high reporting rates/low clearance rates

20. Part 1 Offenses (8) Burglary Burglary The unlawful entry of a dwelling to commit a felony or theft

21. Part 1 Offenses (8) Arson Arson Malicious, intentional burning of a structure. ●damage must occur ●damage must occur

22. Property v. Person PropertyTheft Motor Vehicle Theft BurglaryArson PersonMurder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault

23. Part II Offenses All crimes except Part 1 crimes and traffic offenses All crimes except Part 1 crimes and traffic offenses Less serious crimes Less serious crimes –Fraud –Vandalism –DUI –Gambling

24. The New UCR To enhance the quantity, quality and timeline of crime data collection the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) is being created To enhance the quantity, quality and timeline of crime data collection the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) is being created Will look at every single crime that is committed Will look at every single crime that is committed

25. The New UCR Advantages Advantages –Looks at all crimes –More accurate –Differentiates between attempt and commission of a crime –Collect weapon information –Restructures assault and rape

26. National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) Began in 1972 to discover the “dark figure of crime” Began in 1972 to discover the “dark figure of crime” Based on victims self reporting crimes Based on victims self reporting crimes Gathered by the US Bureau of Justice Statistics Gathered by the US Bureau of Justice Statistics Include 6 Part 1 crimes (not arson or murder) Include 6 Part 1 crimes (not arson or murder)

27. UCR v. NCVS How are they the same Both provide crime estimates Both limit types of crimes Both limit how they collect info

28. UCR v. NCVS How are they different NCVS crimes are reported by victims. May not have been reported to police NCVS crimes are reported by victims. May not have been reported to police NCVS looks at household crimes (total crimes per household, not person) NCVS looks at household crimes (total crimes per household, not person) NCVS polls more people NCVS polls more people

29. Crime typology Classification of crimes along a particular dimension Classification of crimes along a particular dimension –Legal categories –Offender motivation –Victim/offender characteristics

30. Crimes against women Crimes in which a women is the victim Crimes in which a women is the victim Crimes committed specifically targets women Crimes committed specifically targets women Usually crimes of violence Usually crimes of violence –Rape –Domestic abuse –Stalking

31. Crimes against elderly Crimes committed against elderly people Crimes committed against elderly people Victim and offender usually strangers Victim and offender usually strangers Both property and violent crimes Both property and violent crimes Abuse/neglect by caregivers/family Abuse/neglect by caregivers/family Often victims of theft/fraud schemes Often victims of theft/fraud schemes

32. Hate Crimes Crimes which there is evidence of prejudice bases on race, color, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, religion Crimes which there is evidence of prejudice bases on race, color, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, religion Hate crimes are punished more severely Hate crimes are punished more severely

33. Corporate & White Collar Crimes Corporate Corporate –Violation of statute by a corporate identity (those acting on behalf of a corporation) –“crime in the suits” –Usually non-violent White Collar Crimes White Collar Crimes –Unlawful activity of members of highly organized group –Usually they supply illegal goods and services

34. Gun Crime The 2 nd Amendment provides the Constitutional right to bear arms The 2 nd Amendment provides the Constitutional right to bear arms Approximately 1 million serious crimes committed a year involve the use of handguns Approximately 1 million serious crimes committed a year involve the use of handguns Public concern has lead to creation of new laws regarding firearms Public concern has lead to creation of new laws regarding firearms –The Brady Handgun Bill (1994)

35. Drug Crime Drugs and Crime Drugs and Crime –Drug crimes not accounted for by UCR or NCVS –Over ½ of inmates admit to being under the influence of drugs/alcohol when they committed their offense –Using drugs/alcohol leads to other crimes

36. High Technology and Computer Crime Computer Crime Computer Crime –Any crime perpetrated through the use of a computer Software piracy Software piracy –Unauthorized duplication of software and other data Computer virus Computer virus –A computer program designed to secretly invade other systems and alter the information/how they operate

37. Terrorism No single definition No single definition In general, defined as: In general, defined as: – a violent act or an act dangerous to human life committed in violation of criminal laws to intimidate to coerce a government or civilian population

38. The Cost of Crime Crime costs individuals about $17.6 billion dollars a year Crime costs individuals about $17.6 billion dollars a year That doesn’t include time lost from work, medical expenses That doesn’t include time lost from work, medical expenses Commercial costs about $1.2 billion dollars a year Commercial costs about $1.2 billion dollars a year State, local and federal expenditures total over $147 billion (investigation-prosecution) State, local and federal expenditures total over $147 billion (investigation-prosecution)