1. Introduction to Camera

2. Aperture The larger the aperture of the lens opening the more light reaches the sensor. Aperture is expressed as an f-stop. Each whole f-stop half or double the light. The higher the f-stop, the greater the depth of the field, i.e. the more objects are likely to be sharp in frame. The smaller the f-stop number, the shallower the depth of field is.

3. Aperture and DoF

4. Depth of Field Four factors affect depth of field: Sensor/image size Distance to subject Aperture Focal length

5. Sensor Size Bigger the sensor, shallower the depth of field.

6. Sensor Size

7. Shutter Speed Shutter speed is the amount of time each frame is exposed for, not the number of frames per second Shutter speed of 50 = 1/50 of a second Higher shutter speeds reduce exposure time Individual frames appear sharper, due to reduced motion blur. Motion blur occurs when the subject moves within the frame while the shutter is open. Higher shutter speeds ‘freeze’ motion in each still frame, so the image is more crisp

8. Shutter Speed

9. ISO Doubling ISO doubles the sensitivity of the sensor The higher the ISO the noisier the image But the C100 performs very well in low light

10. Zebra patterm Zebra at 70-90 IRE for facial highlights Zebra at 100 IRE for overexposure

11. Waveform Measures Luma. Dark pixels are at the bottom, bright ones are at the top. Pixels in the first column of the image will also appear in the first column of the Waveform and so on…

12. Colour Temperature Automatic white balance automatically compensates for varying colour temperatures by adjusting the brightest part of a scene so it will appear white. it then adjusts the rest of the colors based on that white balance.

13. Colour Temperature ‘Correct’ colour temperature ‘Higher’ colour temp. By adjusting for Daylight, red is added to compensate ‘Lower’ colour temperature. By adjusting for Tungsten, blue is added to compensate

14. Production – Sound Sound is half of your film Avoid noisy environments. Plan ahead. Avoid auto gain Get the mic really close Listen for handling noise Monitor properly. Listen Carefully. Record wild-track / room tone

15. Shooting Interviews Shoot at eye level Get a good eyeline Get a close-up. Frame to one side, looking into space. Rule of thirds. Headroom Vary the composition for different subjects.

20. Cutaways Close ups! Get the whites of their eyes. Get detail. Variety. Interesting angles. Find fore and background interest. Pan and tilt to add movement. But plan the shots. Shoot lots of relevant cutaways

21. Production Light Cameras love light. Look for the light and shoot in it Avoid fluorescent & overhead lighting Shoot with the light behind you Use natural light – intelligently