1. Layers of the Earth
Assignment #39

2. Earth’s Layers How are the earth’s layers similar to an egg?
Shell = crust
Layers (yolk,egg white)
Limitations?

3. Make a model of the Layers of the Earth
Using paper, make a pie-shaped piece to resemble the Earth.
On the front, label the following:
Inner core
Outer core
Lower Mantle
Asthenosphere
Lithosphere (includes Crust)

4. Outside of Foldable Lithosphere Asthenosphere Asthenosphere
Lower Mantle
Mantle
Outer Core
Outer Core
Inner Core
Inner Core

5. On the inside, we will put the following for each layer of the Earth:
State of matter
Elements
Temperature
Other

6. Outside of Foldable Lithosphere Asthenosphere Asthenosphere
Lower Mantle
Mantle
Outer Core
Outer Core
Inner Core
Inner Core

7. (part of mantle, includes the crust)
Lithosphere
(part of mantle, includes the crust)
Asthenosphere
(part of mantle)
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core

8. Fe (Iron) and Ni (Nickel)
Inner Core
The center layer
What is the state of matter?
What elements make up the inner core?
Temperature?
solid
Fe (Iron) and Ni (Nickel)
5000° C

9. Inner core Deepest layer, so…. greatest pressure Solid
Nickel (Ni) and Iron (Fe)
5000° C

10. Fe (Iron) and Ni (Nickel)
Outer Core
The next layer after the inner core
What is the state of matter?
What elements make up the inner core?
Temperature?
Other?
liquid
Fe (Iron) and Ni (Nickel)
2200° C
Due to flow of liquid metal, this gives Earth its magnetic field.

11. Outer core
Liquid
Nickel (Ni) and Iron (Fe)
2200° C
Magnetic Field

12. Circulation of molten metal within Earth’s core helps to create a magnetic field. As a result, Earth has an immense magnetic field surrounding it, just as there is a magnetic field around a bar magnet.

13. Why is the inner core a solid and the outer core a liquid?
The core of our Earth is tremendously hot. It is believed to have a temperature of 7,000° C.
Pressure keeps the inner core a solid, but allows the outer core to be a melted, liquid state.

14. What 2 things increase as you travel towards the Earth’s center?
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Asthenosphere
Heat & Pressure
Lower Mantle
Mantle
NOTE: In your journal, write what you see in red. This goes next to the foldable.
Outer Core
Outer Core
Inner Core
Inner Core

15. Mg (Magnesium), Fe (Iron), Si (Silicon), and O (Oxygen)
Mantle
What is the state of matter?
What elements make up the mantle?
Temperature?
solid
Mg (Magnesium), Fe (Iron), Si (Silicon), and O (Oxygen)
870° C

16. Lower Mantle
solid
Mg (Magnesium), Fe (Iron), Si (Silicon), & O (Oxygen)
870° C

17. Asthenosphere The asthenosphere is just below the lithosphere.
It is the upper part of the mantle.
The asthenosphere is rock that flows slowly, like hot asphalt or peanut butter.

18. Plastic, flows like peanut butter
Asthenosphere
Upper layer of the mantle.
What is the state of matter?
Magma
Convection Currents!
Plastic, flows like peanut butter

19. Asthenosphere plastic
Mg (Magnesium), Fe (Iron), Si (Silicon), & O (Oxygen)
magma
convection currents

20. O (Oxygen) and Si (Silicon)
Lithosphere
What is the state of matter?
Includes the crust and a little of the upper mantle. The outermost layer of our Earth is called the crust.
What elements make up the crust?
Lava, mountains, water, least pressure, coolest
solid
O (Oxygen) and Si (Silicon)

21. Outside of Foldable Crust (solid)
Lithosphere
O (Oxygen) & Si (Silicon)
Asthenosphere
Lower Mantle
Color a thin line on the outside of the foldable (top of Lithosphere) to represent the crust (shown in red here).
Outer Core
Inner Core

22. Outside of Foldable Mantle Lithosphere Asthenosphere Lower Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core

23. Outside of Foldable Heat & Pressure Mantle Crust (solid) Lithosphere
O (Oxygen) & Si (Silicon)
Asthenosphere
Heat & Pressure
Lower Mantle
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core