1. Progressive Era

2. Progressive: broad loosely defined political movement of individuals and groups who hoped to bring significant change Business men who wanted to give workers a voice Female reform organizations Social scientist Anxious middle class

3. Triangle Shirtwaist Factory

4. An Urban Age and a Consumer Society

5. Farms and Cities

6. Muckrakers Lincoln Steffens: Shame of Cities Ida Tarbell: History of Standard Oil Theodore Dreiser: Sister Carrie Upton Sinclair: The Jungle

7. Immigration as a Global Process

8. Consumer Freedom

9. The Working Woman Charlotte Perkins Gilman: road to woman’s freedom lay through the workplace

10. THE ASSEMBLY LINE The Rise of Fordism

11. The Promise of Abundance Shift from capital goods to consumer products Economic abundance would eventually come to define American way of life Fulfillment was acquiring material goods Desire for consumer goods led many to join unions and fight for higher wages

12. Living Wage Earning a living wage came to be viewed as a natural and absolute right of citizenship Mass consumption came to occupy a central place in descriptions of American society and its future

13. Varieties of Progressivism

14. Industrial Freedom Frederick W. Taylor and Scientific management

15. Socialist Presence Eugene V. Debs Radicals

16. AFL & IWW

17. The New Feminism

18. Birth Control Movement Margaret Sanger

19. Spearhead for Reform Jane Addams and Hull House

20. The Progressive Presidents

21. Theodore Roosevelt

22. Roosevelt and the Trusts Sherman Antitrust Act Coal Miners Strike Improved Interstate Commerce Commission Regulate Food and Drug Industry

23. Conservation Movement John C. Muir and Sierra Club Gifford Pinchot, head of US Forest Service Yellowstone, Yosemite, and Glacier

24. Taft in Office More aggressive antitrust policy Supported 16 th amendment (graduated income tax) Ballinger-Pinchot Affair

25. Election of 1912 Taft (Republican) Roosevelt (Progressive) Wilson (Democrat) Debs (Socialist)

26. New Freedom and New Nationalism Wilson: New Freedom Democracy invigorated by restoring market competition and freeing gov from big business domination Protect rights of labor unions Economic competition without government regulation Roosevelt: New Nationalism Heavy taxes on personal and corporate functions and federal regulation of industries including railroads, mining and oil Social justice Intervention of government

27. Wilson’s First Term Underwood Tariff: reduced duties on imports Graduate income tax on wealthy 5% Clayton Act 1914: exempted labor unions from antitrust laws and barred courts from stopping strikes Keating-Owen Act: outlaw child labor Adamson Act: 8 hr workday on railroad Warehouse Act: extended credit to farmers who stored crops in federally licensed warehouses

28. Expanding Role of Government Wilson abandons idea of aggressive trust-busting in favor of greater economic supervision of economy Federal Reserve System: 12 regular banks, overseen by central board appointed by president and empowered to handle issuance of currency, aid banks in danger of failing & influence interest rates to promote economic growth Federal Trade Commission: to investigate & prohibit unfair business activities such as price fixing and monopolistic practices