1. Making Foreign Policy

2. The President and Foreign Policy ► Foreign Policy: a nation’s overall plan for dealing with other nations ► The most basic goal of American foreign policy is national security, the ability to keep the country safe from attack ► No govt. can effectively meet other goals if the nation is under attack; quality of life?

3. Other Foreign Policy Goals ► International Trade: trade is vital to today’s global economy and American prosperity, trade makes markets for American products and jobs for American workers ► World Peace: war away from the US can disrupt trade and endanger American national security, examples? ► Promote Democracy and Capitalism: promoting democracy, trade, and basic human rights around the world encourages peace; how?

4. Foreign Policy Structure ► President and Vice-President work with the State Dept., the Defense Dept., the CIA, and the National Security Council to make policy decisions ► These agencies give the President valuable information, can carry out decisions around the world, and can develop new solutions ► President must choose among conflicting advice from these agencies, result? ► Power over foreign policy divided between Congress and the President  Declaring war vs. commander in chief  Paying for the military  War Powers Resolution

5. Tools of Foreign Policy ► Creating Treaties and Executive Agreements: treaties are formal agreements between 2 or more countries, can deal with trade or defense, must be approved by Senate; NATO, NAFTA; for smaller matters a President may use an executive agreement ► Appointing Ambassadors: ambassadors are an official representative of a country's government; ambassadors are only sent to countries where the US recognizes the legal existence of the government; North Korea, Cuba

6. More Tools of Foreign Policy ► Foreign Aid: money, food, military assistance, or other supplies give to help other countries  Good?  Bad? ► International Trade: President can negotiate rules for trade  trade sanctions  embargo, Cuba ► Military Force: military can be used to carry out some foreign policy decisions, must be used with care ► A long running peace vigil/protest outside of the White House