3.  Nationalism  Imperialism/Colonialism  Militarism  Formation of Alliances

4. Imperialism during WW1 Era European countries had colonies in Africa & Asia

5.  Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria in 1914  Heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne  Shot by a Serbian nationalist in Bosnia  Led Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia, set off a chain reaction

7.  Treaty of Versailles: Peace treaty officially ending World War 1 which placed the blame for the war on Germany  How the treaty negatively affected Germany:  Germany owed other countries $33 billion for the cost of war.  Germany had to reduce its military size so it wasn’t as powerful.  Germany had to give up a lot of land in Europe, and its colonies.  Germany had to accept blame for the war.

9.  Countries were bitter/angry with others because of WW1  The Treaty of Versailles  Germany was weak, so it made it easy for Hitler to take power and make promises.  Dictators rose to power  Hitler= Germany  Mussolini= Italy  Stalin= Soviet Union  Hitler had a plan to conquer Europe—meant war  Countries had different beliefs about the best type of government  Dictatorship vs. democracy?

10.  Allies:  Great Britain  France  Soviet Union (later)  U.S. (later)  Axis:  Italy  Germany  Japan  Soviet Union (at first)-then switched to Allies

15.  Germany was divided into 2 parts: communist and free/democratic.  The Soviet Union gained a lot of land and controlled Eastern Europe.  The U.S. and Soviet Union became the world super powers.  Used to be Britain and France.  It led to the Cold War.  The use of the nuclear (atomic) bomb in World War II led other nations to build more dangerous weapons.  Led to creation of European Union (EU) and United Nations (UN).