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Rise of Fascism What is Fascism? Fascist Dictators Reasons for the Rise of Fascism
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What is Fascism? 1. A right-wing political ideology. 2. Strong emphasis on Nationalism. 3. Fascist parties organised along military lines with a single leader. 4. Implemented dictatorship. 5. Charismatic dictator in control.
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What is Fascism? 6. Opposition parties, trade unions banned. 7. Elections abolished. 8. Opposed to democracy, liberalism and communism. 9. Anti-Semitic (Nazis) 10. Use of propaganda, intimidation and terror
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Fascist Dictatorships Italy under Mussolini Germany under Hitler Spain under Franco Arrow Cross ruled Hungary (1944-45) Iron Guard ruled Romania (1940-41)
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Fascist Dictatorships Fascist groups in German and Italian occupied territories collaborated with the Nazis and Italian Fascists during WW2 e.g. - Lithuania, Bulgaria, Albania, Croatia, France, Latvia
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Factors in the Rise of Fascism Economic factors Major economic instability weakened European political life Uncontrollable inflation wiped out savings and created mass unemployment.
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Factors in the Rise of Fascism 2. Treaty of Versailles Dissatisfaction with terms of WW1 peace treaties contributed to the rise of fascism. Italy didn’t receive territory it was promised. Germany was subjected to harsh reparation terms and lost territory. New states established with the break up of empires caused friction over borders.
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Factors in the Rise of Fascism Fear of Communism The upper and middle classes feared the spread of communism following the Russian Revolution. Communist revolts in Germany, Austria and Hungary in 1919 contributed to this fear. Fascism was seen as a better barrier to communism than democracy.
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Factors in the Rise of Fascism Weak democracies Weak multi-party governments Economic crisis Political instability
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Factors in the Rise of Fascism Support of Middle Classes The Middle Classes (mainly in rural areas) felt trapped between unionised workers and the wealthy elites. Fascism claimed to represent their interests
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Factors in the Rise of Fascism Summary 1.Economic factors 2.Treaty of Versailles 3.Fear of Communism 4.Weak democracies 5.Support of Middle Classes
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Presentation prepared by: Dominic Haugh St. Particks Comprehensive School Shannon Co. Clare Presentation can be used for educational purposes only – all rights remain with author
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