1. Sarah Lundli, Sarah Martin Stacey Martin, Amanda Martelli, Erin Paschall, & Cara Skillingstead Screen Time and Sleep Quality in College Students

2. Sleep Health 1-12 Importance of sleep Good sleep quality Poor sleep quality Health consequences

3. College Sleep Health 13-20 Recommendations of hours of sleep for adults Actual hours of sleep for college students Reasons for disrupted sleep Negative impacts of poor sleep quality

4. “Screen time” and Health 21-23 Health factors associated with screen time Definition of a screen Screen use before bed

5. Technology in the College Population 24-30 Reliance on and accessibility of technology National Sleep Foundation recommendations Gap in literature

6. Research Question Does screen time in the hour before bed affect perceived sleep quality among college students?

7. Purpose To design an instrument to assess the perceived quality of sleep in college students in relation to their screen use in the hour before bed

8. Objectives Identify previous research about sleep quality and screen time in college students Develop an instrument to measure sleep quality and screen time in college students Pilot test instrument on a small group of college students to determine its clarity and congruence with the purpose of the study Determine necessary modifications of the instrument based on pilot test feedback Present instrument development process to peers

9. Instrument Development 31,32 Pittsburgh University’s Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index National Sleep Foundation’s Sleep in America poll

10. Instrument Design Order of questions Type of questions Format of questionnaire

11. Sampling Method Non-probability sample Script design Limitations

12. Data and Results

17. Results Chi-quared statistical analysis (p>0.05) No statistical significance No difference in screen use between “good” and “poor” sleepers

18. Feedback from Participants Skip logic Terminology Length

19. Modifications to the instrument Removal of questions Calculation of sleep score Measurement level of data Screen use format Length of recall

20. Limitations Time of survey delivery Accuracy of recall Incomplete responses Representation of the population

21. Discussion Findings do not support the literature Need for future research

22. Questions?