2. Lesson 4 Do You Suffer from “Sleep Debt”?

3. 1 P.103 L.1~4 3 P.104 L.1~5 4 P.104 L.5~8 8 P.105 L.9~13 7 P.105 L.4~9 6 P.105 L.1~4 12 P.107 L.1~5 11 P.106 L.4~7 10 P.106 L.1~4 9 P.105 L.13~17 5 P.104 L.9~10 2 P.103 L.5~7

4. 14 P.107 L.10~14 13 P.107 L.5~10

5. Do You Suffer from “Sleep Debt”? 1 Welcome to the Better Life Show. I’m your host, Betty Williams. Think about all the things (you’ve done in your life). You may not realize [that what you’ve spent the most time doing is sleeping]. Today, we’ll be talking about just [how important this seemingly unproductive activity is for us]. Host: that 선행사를 포함하는 관계대명사 what 이 이끄는 명사절 간접의문문 ( 의문사 + 주어 + 동사 ) = 동격

6. 2 It’s a pleasure to be here, Betty. Dr. Z: I’d like to introduce today’s guest, Dr. Lewis Zimmerman. Thank you for joining us. Host: = 동격 부사적 용법의 to 부정사 ( 감정의 원인 )

7. 3 Dr. Zimmerman, / we all think [we know [what sleep is]: the time (when we are unconscious, resting and dreaming). However, / most of us don’t realize just [how important sleep is]. Could you tell us more about it? Host: Sure. Although it may seem like [you’re not doing anything] / while you sleep, / your brain is actually working hard. Dr. Z: that 간접의문문 ( 의문사 + 주어 + 동사 ) 명사절 명사절 ( 의문사 + 주어 + 동사 )

8. 4 Researchers think [that it reviews, sorts and stores the knowledge (you gained / during the day)]. Therefore, / not getting enough sleep makes it harder for your brain to process and remember information. It also affects your academic abilities / by reducing your productivity and concentration. Dr. Z: that your brain 가목적어 진목적어 to 부정사구의 의미상의 주어 주어 ( 동명사구 )

9. 5 In addition, / too little sleep can have very bad effects on your mental health. It can cause moodiness, depression and even eating problems. Dr. Z: cause: ··· 를 야기하다 have effects on: ··· 에 영향을 미치다

10. 6 I have a kind of funny question. What happens / if you don’t sleep for a long time? Host: Actually, I have the perfect example for you. Once, / an American high school student managed to stay awake / for 264 hours, / breaking the previous record of 260 hours. But / he had some disturbing psychological problems / along the way. Dr. Z: manage to: ( 어떻게든 ) ··· 하다 [ 해내다 ] 분사구문

11. 7 He saw things (that didn’t exist) by the fourth day, / and developed short-term memory problems. Dr. Z: Wow, for 264 hours? That sounds bad. What about the other side of the situation? How much sleep is enough? Host: There’s no magic number of hours (that a person should sleep). Dr. Z: developed saw

12. 8 For one thing, / it depends on your age. On average, / babies spend about twice as much time sleeping as adults. This means [that there was a time (when you slept as many as 18 hours a day)! However, / as a teenager or adult, / you only require / about eight or nine hours of sleep, / and some people need as little as seven hours. Dr. Z: 배수사 + as + 원급 + as as many as: ··· 나 되는 about: 약, 대략 as little as: ··· 밖에 안 되는

13. 9 How long you should sleep is also affected / by your sleep debt /; that is, / the amount of sleep (you lose) / due to such things as work, stress and sickness. This means [that if you lose sleep working late during the week, / you should make up for the time (you lost) / by sleeping longer on the weekend]. Dr. Z: that 명사절 ( 간접의문문 ) due to: ··· 때문에 that

14. 10 Yes, sometimes / it’s perfectly okay to sleep in. Dr. Z: So here’s something (to tell your parents) / if they complain [that you’re wasting the day sleeping in / until the afternoon] on Saturday. Just say [that you’re paying off your sleep debt / from studying hard all week]. Host: 가주어 진주어

15. 11 Another thing (to remember) is [that it’s not just about how long you sleep, / but also how well]. Getting a good night’s sleep requires being as undisturbed as possible. The things (that keep you from getting quality sleep) are called “sleep thieves.” Dr. Z: just about how long you sleep how well]. not (only) A but also B

16. 12 How interesting! What are some common sleep thieves? Host: Light is one of the most common ones. Since it is natural for us to be awake when it’s light outside, / night lights can confuse our body. Keeping the lights on in your room, or not turning off the TV or computer can prevent you from falling into a deep sleep. Dr. Z: one of the + 최상급 + 복수명사 가주어 진주어 turning off the TV or computer Keeping the lights on in your room not prevent A from B: A 를 B 하지 못하게 하다

17. 13 Watching movies or playing video games / for too long / during the day / may also keep you from getting a good night’s sleep. Doing these kinds of activities / before going to bed / can stimulate your brain too much, / making it more difficult to rest. Lastly, you should make sure / to turn off your cell phone / before you go to sleep. Dr. Z: keep A from B: A 를 B 하지 못하게 하다 분사구문 make sure: ··· 를 확실히 하다 가목적어 진목적어

18. 14 Receiving calls or text messages at night is a sure way (to disturb your sleep). There is no doubt that we all need enough sound sleep. I hope [my advice will help you pay off your sleep debt]. Dr. Z: We thank you / for your great advice. Well, that’s all the time we have / for today. I wish all our viewers a good night’s sleep. Host: that help + 목적어 + 목적격 보어 ( 원형부정사 )