1. Analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War on the U.S.

2.  a. Describe the creation of the Marshall Plan, U.S. commitment to Europe, the Truman Doctrine, and the origins and implications of the containment policy.  b. Explain the impact of the new communist regime in China and the outbreak of the Korean War and how these events contributed to the rise of Senator Joseph McCarthy.  c. Describe the Cuban Revolution, the Bay of Pigs, and the Cuban missile crisis.  d. Describe the Vietnam War, the Tet offensive, and growing opposition to the war.

3.  SSUSH20 The student will analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War on the United States.  a. Describe the creation of the Marshall Plan, U.S. commitment to Europe, the Truman Doctrine, and the origins and implications of the containment policy.

4.  Why did the U.S. begin a policy of containment? How did the U.S. enforce its policy of containment?

5.  The student will be able to describe how the U.S. began its policy of containment following WWII. The student will be able to describe how the u.S. used the Marshal Plan and Truman doctrine to enforce its policy of containment.

6. USA  Alliance= NATO  Economy= capitalist/ free enterprise  Political= democratic USSR  AKA. Russia, Soviets, Soviet Union  Alliance = Warsaw Pact  Economy = communist  Political= communist/dictatorship

9.  U.S. left troops in Europe after WWII to help stabilize democratic governments.  To help stop the spread of communism.  Ensure the Soviet Union did not gain more territory.

10.  Keeping communism within its present territory through the use of diplomatic, economic, and military actions.

12.  Secretary of State George Marshal asked Congress for money to rebuild the economies of European countries.  It made communism less appealing.  It was essential for containment.  The plan had two major aims: A) to prevent the spread of communism in Western Europe and B) to stabilize the international political order  It aided European nations in their economic recovery by providing much needed capital $13.3 billion

13.  March 12, 1947 Truman asked for money to fight communist aggression in Turkey and Greece.  It’s immediate goal was to stabilize the governments of these countries.  In the long run, it was a pledge that the U.S. would fight communism worldwide.

14.  Because the Soviets were trying to spread their influence throughout the world, the U.S. felt that it was crucial to American defense to halt the spread of communism.

15.  USH 20 questions  1. How would you describe the Marshal Plan?  2. How would you describe the U.S. commitment to Europe?  3. How would you describe the Truman Doctrine?  4. How would you describe the origins and implications of the containment policy?

16.  b. Explain the impact of the new communist regime in China and the outbreak of the Korean War and how these events contributed to the rise of Senator Joseph McCarthy.

17.  After the revolution in China, China adopted a communist government.  Then China signed a treaty with the U.S.S.R. (meaning the U.S. lost it’s chief ally in Asia.)  These events made the U.S. adopt a new policy in dealing with Japan.  The U.S. saw Japan as their key ally in fighting communism in Asia.  The U.S. adopted policies to encourage the rapid recovery of Japan’s economy.

20.  After WWII The Soviets and Americans divided Korea. (Soviet=North Americans=South)  N. Korea adopted communism  S. Korea adopted a democratic government.  The Soviets gave N. Korea large amounts of military supplies.

21.  The more powerful N. invaded the South in hopes of conquering and reuniting S. Korea  The U.S. went to the aid of S. Korea, and the N. Koreans withdraw

22.  He accused his opponent of being communistically inclined.  Fear on Communism and his intense speeches allowed McCarthy to become Senator.  McCarthy began a witch hunt for communist.

23.  Damaging reputations on unfounded charges.  McCarthy would accuse people of being communist without any proof. (Usually people who disagreed with him, or did not share his views.)  Anyone accused of being a communist could lose their job, or would have a hard time getting a job.

24.  c. Describe the Cuban Revolution, the Bay of Pigs, and the Cuban missile crisis.  d. Describe the Vietnam War, the Tet offensive, and growing opposition to the war.

26.  Castro overthrew the Cuban government, and established a friendship with The Soviets.  It established a communist government in the western hemisphere.  Cuba=90 miles from Florida.  Many were worried the Soviets would use Cuba as a military base in the west.

27.  The CIA secretly trained LaBrigada  LaBrigada was suppose to lead an uprising against Castro, but their boats ran aground.  The U.S. did not send in their air support as planned, and many of the exiles were killed for their part in the uprising.  The U.S. was exposed and appeared weak and disorganized.

28.  The CIA’s failed attempt to train Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro.

29.  A U.S. spy plane showed the Soviets had placed long range missiles in Cuba.  The U.S. set up a blockade around Cuba, to stop Soviet ships.  Kennedy told Soviets they would respond to any attacks.  Soviets agreed to take missiles out of Cuba. U.S. promised not to invade Cuba, and remove their missiles from Turkey.

30.  d. Describe the Vietnam War, the Tet offensive, and growing opposition to the war.

32.  N. Vietnam adopted a communist government and invaded S. Vietnam  Because the U.S. believed in containment, they sent troops into S. Vietnam to help repeal the North.  The North received war materials from China and the Soviets.

33.  Vietcong= the guerilla soldiers of the communist Vietnamese  Vietcong used booby traps, ambushes, and guerilla warfare.  Vietcong could also blend in with civilians in public.

34.  President Johnson worried declaring a full scale war would bring China and the soviets into the battle.  U.S. used a war of attrition. (wearing down the enemy.)  After the U.S. pulled it’s troops out N. Vietnam launched a full scale attack.

35.  Tet=Vietnam New Year  Vietcong and N. Vietnam launched a surprise attack against the American air bases and most cities in S. Vietnam.  It made many Americans believe they could not win the war.  Many Americans began to criticize the war.

36. zN. Vietnamese Army + Viet Cong attack South simultaneously (67,000 attack 100 cities, bases, and the US embassy in Saigon) zTake every major southern city zU.S. + ARVN beat back the offensive zViet Cong destroyed zN. Vietnamese army debilitated zBUT…it’s seen as an American defeat by the media

37. The Tet Offensive, January 1968

38. zDomestic U.S. Reaction: Disbelief, Anger, Distrust of Johnson Administration zHzHzHzHey, Hey LBJ! How many kids did you kill today?

39. zDisproportionate representation of poor people and minorities. zSevere racial problems. zMajor drug problems. zOfficers in combat 6 mo.; in rear 6 mo. Enlisted men in combat for 12 mo.

40. zNixon’s 1968 Campaign promised an end to the war: Peace with Honor P Appealed to the great “Silent Majority” zVietnamization zExpansion of the conflict  The “Secret War” P Cambodia P Laos zAgent Orange (chemical defoliant)

41. zFormer defense analyst Daniel Ellsberg leaked govt. docs. regarding war efforts during Johnson’s administration to the New York Times. zDocs.  Govt. misled Congress & Amer. People regarding its intentions in Vietnam during mid-1960s. P Primary reason for fighting not to eliminate communism, but to avoid humiliating defeat. P New York Times v. United States (1971) *

42.  War cost  War dead  Protest  Pentagon Papers= government officials opposed the war in private and supported it in public.

44. 1. Domino theory 2. Geneva Accords 3. Ngo Dinh Diem 4. Vietcong 5. Ho Chi Minh Trail 6. Tonkin Gulf Resolution 7. ARVN 8. William Westmoreland 9. Napalm 10. Agent Orange 1. Search and Destroy mission 2. Credibility gap 3. Draft 4. Robert Kennedy 5. Richard Nixon 6. Silent majority 7. My Lai 8. Kent State University 9. Pentagon Papers 10. War Powers