1. By: Emily Klosterman Mckenzie Gonzales Celine Yee

2. * Operation Overlord was the code name for the Battle of Normandy * code-name given to the Allied invasion of France * Operation Overlord is also referred to as D-Day * D-Day began on June 6, 1944 * planned for June 5, 1944 but had to delay due to the weather

3. o Forces landed on five beaches along a 50-mile stretch of the heavily fortified coast of France’s Normandy region o The amphibious invasions began at 6:30 a.m.

5. 156,000 American, British and Canadian forces landed on five beaches along a 50-mile stretch of the heavily fortified coast of France’s Normandy region

6. * Gen. Dwight Eisenhower * Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces * Gave the go-ahead for massive invasion of Europe (D-Day) * Trafford Leigh Mallory * British Air Marshal * Knighted in 1943 * Commanded the Allied air forces in the Normandy invasions * Appointed head of Allied air forces in Southeast Asia * Bernard Montgomery * British field marshal * Commanded south eastern section of Europe in anticipation of German invasion * Commanded all ground forces in initial attacks * Arthur Tedder * British Air Marshal * Marshal of the Royal Air Force * Commanded the Allied forces in the skies during Operation Overlord * Personally supervised the operation * Bertram Ramsey * Vice Admiral in the Royal Navy * Appointed Allied Naval Commander * First of the service commanders to begin working on plans for Operation Overlord * Gerd von Rundstedt * German field marshal * Held commands on both eastern and western fronts * Erwin Rommel * One of the most popular German generals during WWII * In charge of defense of Normandy * July 1944 – Suspected of plotting to kill Hitler, committed suicide

7. * United States * United Kingdom * Canada * France * Poland * Australia * Belgium * Czechoslovakia * Greece * Luxembourg * Free Dutch Forces * New Zealand * Norway

8. Before D-Day * After the start of WWII, in 1944, Germany invaded and now occupied northwestern France * the Allies conducted a large- scale deception campaign designed to mislead the Germans about the intended invasion target * The Americans entered the war in December 1941

9. * In 1942, America and the British originated the idea of a major Allied invasion across the English Channel * The next year, the Allies officially planned the cross-Channel invasion * And the following year in November, Adolf Hitler became aware of the threat to invade along France’s coastal reigns, but he was unware on exact location January 1944-General Dwight Eisenhower was appointed commander of Operation Overlord * Months and weeks before D-Day, the Allies carried out a massive deception operation intended to make the Germans think the main invasion target was Pas-de-Calais rather than Normandy. * The allies led the Germans to believe that Norway and other locations were also potential invasion targets.

10. * Thousands of paratroopers and glider troops were on the ground behind enemy lines, securing bridges and exit roads. * COSSAC (Chief of Staff to Supreme Allied Commander) * Used 2 airborne brigades to protect the flanks of 3 landings * 6,000 ships were needed for D-day * Planned to move over 100,000 men and almost 13,000 vehicle thousands of paratroopers and glider troops were on the ground behind * U.S. forces faced heavy resistance at Omaha Beach, where there were over 2,000 American casualties. * Less than a week later, on June 11, the beaches were fully secured and over 326,000 troops, more than 50,000 vehicles and some 100,000 tons of equipment had landed at Normandy.

11. * The Germans suffered from confusion in the ranks because of the absence of commander Rommel, who was away on leave. * He refused to release nearby divisions to join the counterattack, therefore calling reinforcements, creating delays. * Germans were hampered by effective Allied air support, which took out many key bridges and forced the Germans to take long detours, as well as efficient Allied naval support, which helped protect advancing Allied troops. * Within the weeks, Allies fought their way across the Normandy against German resistance. * By the end of June, the Allies had seized the vital port of Cherbourg, landed approximately 850,000 men and 150,000 vehicles in Normandy, and were poised to continue their march across France.

13. Many tactics were used to carry out the deception, including fake equipment; a phantom army commanded by George Patton and supposedly based in England, across from Pas-de-Calais; double agents; and fraudulent radio transmissions

14. * Signaled the beginning of the end of World War II * First stage in liberation of Western Europe and a major step toward the defeat of Nazi Germany * By late August 1944, all of northern France had been liberated, and by the following spring the Allies had defeated the German army. * By day’s end, approximately 156,000 Allied troops had successfully stormed Normandy’s beaches. According to some estimates, more than 4,000 Allied troops lost their lives in the D-Day invasion, with thousands more wounded or missing. * The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany, where they would meet up with Soviet troops moving in from the east.

15. * Before Operation Overlord, allied attacks against Germany were unlikely * Represented first threat to Germany’s control of Western Europe * 2 nd Major front against Germany * Convinced Russia to remain in the war * Before D-Day, Russia felt they were fighting alone against Germany * Countered Russia’s growing Communist influence * It was clear Germany would lose, so: * Russia would leave the war and sign a peace treaty with Germany, leaving Britain and America to fight alone.

16. * Not only the Germans, but Hitler was also greatly affected * Prevented Hitler from sending troops from France to build up his Eastern Front against the advancing Soviets * D-Day forced the Germans to fight a two front war again just as they had in WWI. * The Germans could not handle war on both sides of them. * On June 26th, 1944 the Allies captured the French port of Cherbourg. * After that day, the Germans began to retreat. * 1944, Paris had been liberated * May 8, 1945, the Allies formally accepted the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany. Hitler had committed suicide a week earlier, on April 30.

17. "D-Day: Three Unique Perspectives: World War II and D-Day." D-Day: Three Unique Perspectives: World War II and D-Day. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2016. "Erwin Rommel." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2016. "General Dwight D. Eisenhower Launches Operation Overlord." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2016. "History, Chief of Staff to Supreme Allied Commad." History, Chief of Staff to Supreme Allied Commad. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2016. History.com Staff. "D-Day." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 01 Jan. 2009. Web. 18 Apr. 2016. Murray, Kelley. "The Effects of D-Day." The Effects of D-Day. Mount Holyoke College, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2016.

19. Name two ideas that made this battle important.

20. * Before Operation Overlord, allied attacks against Germany were unlikely * Represented first threat to Germany’s control of Western Europe * 2 nd Major front against Germany * Convinced Russia to remain in the war * Before D-Day, Russia felt they were fighting alone against Germany * Countered Russia’s growing Communist influence * It was clear Germany would lose, so: * Russia would leave the war and sign a peace treaty with Germany, leaving Britain and America to fight alone.

21. True or False? Was Hitler aware there was going to be an invasion in France?

22. True

23. What day did D-Day began?

24. June 6, 1944

25. Name five countries that were part of the Allied forces.

26. United States United Kingdom Canada France Poland Australia Belgium Czechoslovakia Greece Luxembourg Free Dutch Forces New Zealand Norway

27. What are two other names for Operation Overlord?

28. 1. Battle of Normandy 2. D-Day

29. Bonus Question: Who said this quote, "Although the initial assault may not have been in your own country, the hour of your liberation is approaching”?

30. Gen. Dwight Eisenhower

31. What country did the invasion take place?

32. France

33. What year was Paris liberated?

34. 1944

35. How many ships were sent out from the allies on D-Day?

36. 6,000

37. True or False? All tactics used to carry out the operation used real equipment.

38. False

39. By when was all of northern France liberated?

40. August, 1944

41. Name two things that made this battle important to WWII.

42. Not only the Germans, but Hitler himself, was greatly affected Prevented Hitler from sending troops from France to build up his Eastern Front against the advancing Soviets D-Day forced the Germans to fight a two front war again just as they had in WWI. The Germans could not handle war on both sides of them. On June 26th, 1944 the Allies captured the French port of Cherbourg. After that day, the Germans began to retreat. 1944, Paris had been liberated May 8, 1945, the Allies formally accepted the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany. Hitler had committed suicide a week earlier, on April 30.

43. Who was the commander of the Allied forces?

44. Gen. Dwight Eisenhower

45. Where did the Allies try to deceive Germany into thinking the invasion would take place?

46. Pas-de-Calais, France

47. When did the Americans enter the War?

48. December 1941