1. History 17C The American People, World War I to the Present

2. The Twenties

3. 1917-1918—United States fought in World War I

4. 1919-1920—Senate rejected Treaty of Versailles

5. 1919—Companies took back concessions granted to workers during war, provoking wave of strikes throughout country

6. 1919—Companies took back concessions granted to workers during war, provoking wave of strikes throughout country; strikes brutally put down

7. 1919-1920—Spike in anti-radical and anti-immigrant sentiment 1919

8. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer 1919-1920—“Palmer raids” resulted in thousands of arrests, hundreds of deportations

9. “The Red Summer of 1919” Returning black veterans, and African Americans generally, subjected to violence and repression

10. Warren Harding 1920 Presidential Election—Republican Warren Harding defeated Democrat James Cox James Cox

11. The Twenties

12. The Twenties were an era of conservative governance but revolutionary social and technological change

13. ... an era in which little seemed to be at stake electorally but in which bitter conflicts raged over ethnic and cultural issues

14. “Old America” Rural White Protestant Pious Conservative

15. Urban Industrial Ethnically Diverse Experimental Hedonistic “New America”

16. Although the proponents of the “old America” won many of the individual battles, they were losing the broader war against the “new America” Theme:

17. Although the proponents of the “old America” won many of the individual battles, they were losing the broader war against the “new America” Theme:

18. Rapid technological change

19. The rise of car culture

20. Tabloid Journalism

21. Babe Ruth Celebrities of the 1920s

22. Clara Bow Celebrities of the 1920s

23. Charles Lindbergh Celebrities of the 1920s

24. Republican Presidents of the 1920s Warren G. Harding 1921-1923

25. Republican Presidents of the 1920s Calvin Coolidge 1923-1929

26. Republican Presidents of the 1920s Dorothy Parker

27. Republican Presidents of the 1920s Herbert Hoover 1929-1933

28. Business Giants J. P. Morgan Henry Ford John D. Rockefeller

29. Bruce Barton

30. Sharp decline in union membership in 1920s American Federation of Labor

31. John W. Davis, 1924 Al Smith, 1928 Democratic Party standard-bearers

32. 18th Amendment to Constitution (1919) outlawed manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages Prohibition

33. 18th Amendment to Constitution (1919) outlawed manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages Prohibition

34. Prohibition laws were widely disobeyed “Speakeasies”

35. Al Capone vs. Bugs Moran... and were believed to encourage organized crime

36. St. Valentine’s Day Massacre, 1929

37. Relaxation of moral and behavioral strictures

38. “The Flapper”

39. Youth Fashions

40. Protestant Rural America

41. The state of Tennessee tried John Scopes for teaching the theory of evolution The Scopes “Monkey Trial,” 1925

42. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) defended Scopes

43. Clarence Darrow vs. William Jennings Bryan The Scopes “Monkey Trial,” 1925

44. Established quotas for nationalities based on their percentage of U.S. population in 1890 Virtually excluded East Asian immigrants altogether Nativism and White Supremacy Immigration Act of 1924

45. Ku Klux Klan Parade in Washington, DC, 1926 The Ku Klux Klan enjoyed considerable popularity and political influence in early to mid-1920s

46. But murder conviction of Indiana Klan leader David C. Stephenson deeply discredited KKK in mid-to late 1920s

47. “Scientific Racism”

48. Marcus Garvey Founder, Universal Negro Improvement Association

49. W. E. B. Dubois Head of National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

50. Marcus Garvey Founder, Universal Negro Improvement Association

51. “Harlem Renaissance” Zora Neale Hurston Langston Hughes

52. Jazz Louis Armstrong Bessie Smith

53. Equal Rights Amendment (favored by National Woman’s Party) “Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by a State on account of sex.”

54. 1928 presidential election Herbert Hoover Al Smith

55. Triumph of the “New America” over the “Old”