1. Oceans & Ocean Zones

2. Oceans There are 5 oceans (Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic, Indian, Southern) Deepest area = Mariana Trench in the Pacific All are connected

3. Temperature, salinity and other factors are partially determined by latitude. Ocean currents are major factors in weather & climate patterns.

4. Ocean zones Vertical zones - photic - aphotic - benthic Horizontal zones - intertidal -neritic -open ocean

5. Vertical zones 1)Photic Zone * about 300 feet deep (deeper in some areas) * area where sunlight penetrates * all photosynthetic producers are in the photic zone

6. 2) Aphotic zone Area below the photic zone Does not get any sunlight Many organisms live in this zone, no photosynthetic producers

7. 3) Benthic Zone Very bottom of the ocean May be as far as 7 miles deep Decomposers, dead organisms & some special types of organisms Most benthic areas do not get sunlight

9. Horizontal zones

10. 1) Intertidal zone Area along the coast Includes the area that is affected by the tides Organisms in this area are adapted to being exposed to air & under water.

11. 2) Neritic Zone From the intertidal zone to the continental shelf. Includes the coral reefs (very biodiverse area) Organisms may inhabit both the intertidal & open ocean zones also

12. 3) Open ocean zone Largest zone of the ocean From continental shelf to continental shelf Deep & includes all 3 vertical areas (may be 7 miles or more in some areas) Vastly unexplored!

14. Plant & animal Adaptations Adapted to higher salinity. Camouflage Mimicry Some are adapted to high pressure and cold temperatures.