1. Mongols: Pre- & Early Empire Homework: Split Page notes: 330 - 334

2. Geography: Asian Steppes Area between Asia and EuropeGrasslandsHeavy temperature changeLow levels of rainfall

3. Pastoralist Follow a seasonal pattern for grazing their cattle Travel on horseback Consistent battles between groups over grazing territory Groups of people descended from a common ancestor a group of nomadic people who heard domesticated animals Contributed to political fragmentation Defined culture and warfareDeveloped “ruthlessness”Segmented “Clans”

4. Interrelation ExchangeCommon prideTemptation What kind of civilization would be subject to conquest? Horses, metal Hardships -- -- Tough To take from settled peoples Weak, divided, segmented

5. Temujin Genghis Khan = 1206First campaign? Angered by disrespect toward Mongol Traders 1225 “Universal Leader” Temujin defeats and unites clans Defeats Jin Empire in China Temujin attacks Muslims Control of Central Asia

6. Military Trusted leader 1,000 Brigade 100 Company 10 Squad 10,000 Army Why did Temujin do this? (Think about who made up the army)

7. Strategy Each soldier kept 3-4 horses“Stout” horsesEquipmentLoose ManagementBrothers Keeper Travel for multiple days at full speed Durable and long term Leather armor, lance, dagger, bow/arrow Allowed for multiple strategies You quit, we die

8. Seige TechnologyEngineersKharash Resource removal Catapaults, Seige engines Spared from other societies Prisinors used to soak up enemy bows and arrows Divert rivers, stop food Crop burning

9. Psychological Warfare Before fightingTravelingEarly battles testaments of battle from other cities Solders would tie tree branches behind horses to create cloud each solider would light 5 fires at night

10. Group Work You are a conquering “Horde” from the Steppes. Within your group, describe what kind of civilization you are: – Geography of homeland/history of group – Technology and specialization – How do you create NATIONALISM within your group? – How is your military built? Weapons? – What are the various roles within the society? – What do you eat? – How do you treat the people that you conquer?