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Published byJeffery Strickland Modified over 8 years ago
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Bar Graph
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A graph used to show specific values for independent variables, such as color or type.
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Line Graph
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A graph to show both independent and dependent variables such as distance over time.
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Scientific Method State your purpose, what is the big question? Conduct research about the question. Form a hypothesis or guess the answer to your question. Conduct an experiment. Analyze the results from your experiment. Draw a conclusion, was your hypothesis correct?
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Scientific Method Purpose Research Hypothesis Experiment Analysis Conclusion
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Stimulus Anything that is part of the environment that causes a reaction from an organism.
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Stimulus Anything that evokes a response, noise, touch, smell, or sensation. One of the 8 characteristics of life, all living things respond to stimulus.
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Homeostasis Regulation of an organism’s internal conditions to maintain life.
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Homeostasis Ability of a living thing to maintain a stable internal environment, or balance One of the eight characteristics of life, all living things maintain homeostasis
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Adaptation Inherited characteristic that results from changes to a species over time.
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Adaptation To change or evolve over time. One of the eight characteristics of life, all living things adapt over time.
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Macromolecule
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Very large molecules found in cells There are four polymers found in cells – Proteins are made of amino acid – Carbohydrates are made of simple sugars – Lipids are made of fatty acid – Nucleic Acids are made of nucleotides
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Polymer
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Poly- meaning many A polymer is a molecule with several molecules linked together in a long chain Like a train
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Monomer
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One single molecule in a Polymer chain.
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Nucleotide
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Name given to the monomer (smaller part) of Nucleic Acid
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Activation Energy
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Energy needed to start a chemical reaction
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Catalyst
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Chemical that starts a chemical reaction
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Enzyme
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Place where chemical reactions happen
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Cell Theory 1. 2. 3.
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Cell Theory Three parts – 1 All living things are built of cells – 2 Cells are the smallest unit of life – 3 All cells come from pre-existing cells
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Eukaryotic Cell
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Know three things – 1 Has a nucleus – 2 Has several organelles – 3 Is complex
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Prokaryotic Cell
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Know three things – 1 No nucleus – 2 Few or no other organelles – 3 Very simple type of cell – Bacteria
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Selective Permeability
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A skin that lets some things pass back and forth into a cell.
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Phospholipid Bilayer
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Outer layer of a cell, made of polar heads that repel water, making the cell water proof.
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Transport Protein
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The small part of the cell membrane that can open or close to let things in or out of a cell.
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Mitochondria
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Power house of the cell Makes the usable NRG needed by the cell.
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Rough E.R.
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The highway of the cell Transports material around the cell.
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Ribosomes Protein
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Ribosomes Brick yard of the cell Makes protein for the cell
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Glycolysis
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Breaking down sugars for cellular respiration
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Cellular Respiration
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Breaking down sugars into energy for the cell
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Photosynthesis
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How plants make energy from the sun
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Chloroplast
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The organelle that takes sunlight and converts it to chemical energy
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Interphase
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The cell lives most of its life in this phase The cell increases in size The cell copies its DNA
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PMAT
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Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Steps of Cellular Division
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Mitosis
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Cytokinesis
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Point a which the one parent cell breaks apart into two daughter cells
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Homologous Chromosome
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A pair of matching chromosomes, one given from each of the parents, for a particular trait.
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Haploid
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A cell with half the n-number of chromosomes to create an organism
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Diploid
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A cell with 2n number of chromosome to create an organism
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Meiosis Meiosis is the process body cells go through in order to create sex cells (gametes) sperm or egg. Meiosis has two stages Meiosis I and Meiosis II The purpose the two stages is to reduce the number of chromosomes by half, in order to create a gamete (sex cell) which will only pass on half of the parents chromosomes
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Meiosis
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Allele A different form of a trait passed on from generation to generation.
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Allele Yellow Pea
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Phenotype The observable trait of an allele pair.
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Phenotype
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Genotype The non observable trait of an Allele pair.
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Genotype Yellow Pea
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Heterozygous An organism with two different alleles for the same trait.
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Heterozygous Yellow Pea
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Homozgous An Organism with two of the same alleles for the same trait.
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Homozygous
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Codominance A condition in which both alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed, with neither one being dominant or recessive to the other. Sickle Cell Disease
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Codominance
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Incomplete Dominance When two Homozygous alleles are crossed and they form a Heterozygous off spring
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Incomplete Dominance RR Rr rr
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Independent Assortment Alleles for a trait separate randomly when gametes are formed.
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Independent Assortment
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Law of Segregation Two alleles for each trait separate during meiosis.
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Law of Segregation Alleles
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