1. Radiological Pathology of Abdomen Part I GI Tract

2. Normal Positions of GI Tract Small Animals

3. CATS

8. Stomach Type of food and amount of food Food retention > 12 hrs is abnormal Position of stomach varies in different breeds of dogs and cats In cats and Most of dogs –The stomach axis is parallel to the ribs

12. Useful interpretive criteria: Liver size influences the “fundic-pyloric” axis Normally parallel to last 2-3 ribs on lateral view Normally perpendicular to spine on VD/DV views Large liver or right-sided liver mass displaces pylorus caudally and to the left remember F-P axis effect Small liver allows pylorus to drift cranially remember F-P axis effect

13. Stomach: Appearance changes depending on DV (Sternal recumbency) vs. VD (spinal recumbency) views (with the X-ray beam is centered on the last rib) On DV views, the gas is primarily in the cardiac region with less in the pyloric region; fluid is in the body region On VD views, the fluid is primarily in the cardiac region with less in the pyloric region; air is in the body region Appearance may vary depending on the relative amounts of fluid and gas

14. DVVD

15. Right Lateral Recumbency Left Lateral Recumbency

16. VARIATIONS Displacement of the organ –Cranial Reduced Liver Size Diaphragmatic Rupture Peritoneo-Pericardial DH Hiatal Hernia Mesentric masses Colonic Masses Pancreatic Masses –Caudal Enlarged Liver Thoracic Expansion

17. Displaced towards the Right –Splenic Enlargement –Left side of Liver Enlarged Right side displacement –Enlarged Right Liver –Pancreatic Enalrgement

18. Variations in Size –GDV –Tumors f stomach Gastrinoma –Chronic gastritis

19. Intestines Ideally the animal should be fasted for 12 hrs before survey radiographs For Colon an enema can be given SI fills most of the abdomen –Caudal to stomach and Cranial to Urinary Bladder