1. By Indiainspire By Indiainspire

2.  Cloning, a fascinating topic, is defined as the process of producing individuals that are genetically identical. In nature are identical twins. There are three types of cloning: embryo, reproductive and therapeutic. Many animals have been cloned so far. Of those clones, Dolly is the most famous as it was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. In India too, few animals have been cloned. one among them is Garima, the world ‘ s first cloned buffalo. There are many benefits in cloning. One among them is its use in heart transplantation. But, there are many risks and ethical issues. Cloning is still in its cradle stage and recently to boost it, Nobel prizes have been given to cloning.Though, cloning has many drawbacks now, it has a promising and a bright future.

3. Cloning is the process of producing individuals that are genetically identical.

5. 1.Embryo Cloning 2.Reproductive cloning 3.Therapeutic Cloning

6.  Fertilized embryo remove  one/more cells  Encourage to develop into embryo   Twins /triplets have identical DNA

7. Therapeutic cloning is when stem cells are extracted to grow into a piece of human tissue which is encouraged to grow into a human organ for transplant

8. DNA is extracted from a human’s cell inserted into a woman’s ovum develop and produce stem cells. stem cells are removed from the pre-embryo grown into specific organ transplanted into the patient.

9. Produce a duplicate of existing animal

10. Newly formed embryo containing DNA from somatic cell cell division implant

11. 1952: Scientists clone frogs. 1953: Structure of DNA discovered. 1962: John Gurdon claims to clone frogs 1983-1986: Various mammals are successfully cloned from embryonic cells. 1996: Dolly is born. 1998: Cumulina,cloned mouse born. 2011:Tegon,a dog which glows in UV light born.

12. Five genetically identical cloned pigs. The first cloned horse and her surrogate mother/genetic twin.

13. USU’s Contribution – A Cloned Mule

14. Carbon copy-copy cat

15. Cloned mice

16. Dolly the Lamb in 1996 Method: Nuclear transfer Organization: Roslin Institute at UK and PPL Therapeutics

18. Dolly gave birth to a female lamb in 1998, but Dolly later died of premature aging in 2003 The examination of DNA from Dolly's cells revealed that her telomeres were abnormally short

19. World’s first cloned buffalo by hand-guided cloning technique.

20. Cloning in India.. NOORIE, A PASHMINA GOAT BORN ON MARCH 9,2012

22. *Cloning could create extra copies of desirous individuals. * We can learn a great deal about human embryology * Extension of life in unusual circumstances

23. *. Decline in genetic diversity. Taking nature into our own hands. Religious and moral reasons. Physical problems, such as birth defects. Possibility of mental and emotional problems of the clone.

25. As of now, not really….!!!!

26. Who are they??? Nobel prize winners!!

27. www. slideshare.net/experiments conducted www.slideshare.net/human cloning www.evolutionnews.net/really a clone en.wikipedia.org/cloning www.gchera.com/news-2/buffalo cloning in India www.dnaindia.com/report 1662536 www.authorstream.com/cloning objectives

28. Thank you!