1. © Crown Copyright 2012 (Systems Engineering) Challenges of the Post SDSR Era David Camm DepHd Engineering – Enginering Group DESSESEIG-Eng-DepHd@mod.uk Tel +44 117 91 37810 Mob +44 7974 224358

2. © Crown Copyright 2012 Engineering Group in DE&S EngGroup

3. © Crown Copyright 2012 Overview The White PaperLevene Report “We need to transform both the Ministry of Defence itself and the UK Armed Forces…” “We have addressed some complex and sensitive issues that have potentially significant consequences for the Ministry of Defence and the Armed Forces…” Blueprint “At its heart, Transforming Defence is about delivering a new Operating Model and a smaller, stronger, more efficient Department that takes better, more responsible decisions, that is accountable to, and trusted … for the delivery of modern, well-equipped Armed Forces within an affordable framework which makes every pound spent on Defence count.…”

4. © Crown Copyright 2012 National Security Through Technology – Background Buy off the shelf Open competition Open market – diversity of suppliers Increased opportunities for SME –Innovation, New Entrants, Inward Investment Export successfully Under provision for risk and optimism Need to make difficult decisions –Intelligent customer –Not over-specifying capability requirements Open Systems Common set of open principles & rules –Flexibility and agility to upgrade Modified off the Shelf –Integrate advanced technologies into standard equipments Sovereignty –Freedom of action –Identify and protect critical areas of technology Working with other countries

5. © Crown Copyright 2012 Some Key Themes OTS –COTS, MoCOTS, MiOTS, MoMiCOTS !!! –Location of Shelf Industry, MoD, Government –Product Understanding Don’t Open the Box - wrap environmentally and electronically –Adopt rather than Adapt Open Systems –Understand Agility Commercial, Technical, Operational Key Enablers –DoD Systems 2020 Report –Model Based Engineering, Platform Based Engineering, Capability on Demand, Trusted System Design SME / Tier 2

6. © Crown Copyright 2012 MoD SME Procurement – Niteworks Study Objective –Provide greater understanding of whether wider access to SMEs, technology and innovation can be provided as a result of a greater percentage flow down from the Primes, without adversely impacting the ability of the primes themselves to deliver. –Identify the enablers and blockers Customised and less onerous supply chain interfaces Increased use of open systems and architectures Alternative contracting models that do not preclude SMEs –Background White Paper, Defence Reform, Materiel Strategy Mechanism –Niteworks funded activity – pseudo ‘Quick Look’ 2 workshops with SMEs

7. © Crown Copyright 2012 SME Workshop Insights Current Situation Contracting Barriers Access to MoD & Visibility of forward contracts MoD Competence Implementation of White Paper SOSA & Open Systems Breaking systems / contracts into component parts

8. © Crown Copyright 2012 SME Workshop Insights (1) Current Situation –Better IP protection for SMEs –MoD should not try to influence COTS –Bureaucratic Contracting Barriers –FATS needs refreshing on a rolling basis –Streamline processes Make small packages of work easier to contract P2P –Simplify List X procedures Access to MoD & Visibility of forward contracts –Publish upcoming contracts –Communications – breakfast briefings, DT published points of contact, open days regardless of PQQ/ITT hurdles

9. © Crown Copyright 2012 SME Workshop Insights (2) MoD Competence –Implement commercial competency programme –MoD & Industry commercial dialogue –Industry to MoD commercial secondments –Commercial, PM, engineering training Implementation of White Paper –Create implementation plan, resource it and monitor progress –Develop KPIs and share with parliament –Capture examples of good behaviour SOSA & Open Systems –Joint architecture ownership – does MoD have the skills –Funded architecture development –SOSA domain champion – key role Breaking systems / contracts into component parts –Split contracts – modularisation –Engineering processes split

10. © Crown Copyright 2012 SME Workshop Conclusions MoD is not capitalising on its SME resources Challenges –Communications –Behaviour & Culture –Challenge Commercial Practice –Architectural Ownership –Skills & Competence Way forward –Reports available for comment Tier 1 views –Inject into White Paper Implementation

11. © Crown Copyright 2012 New Operating Model Key Themes Strengthened financial and performance management Strengthened decision-making and individual accountability –Service Chiefs empowered to run their Services –Responsibility for setting equipment and support requirements and budgets for DE&S - and held to account for providing the forces Defence needs, within budget; Enhanced joint focus Improved delivery of enabling services Getting the best out of people in Defence

12. © Crown Copyright 2012 Future of Systems Engineering in Defence Defence Secretary & Ministers Head Office DE&S Air Command Land Command Navy Command Defence Infrastructure Defence Board SofS, Min, PUS, CDS, DGFin, CDM, 3 NEDs Defence Business Services Force Elements Joint Forces Command EnableGenerate and Develop Operate Strategic requirement & budget CDS directive Requirement & budget Operations Prime Minister & National Security Council Direct Account Industry Systems & services Acquire Requirement Proposed solution Operations specific requirement Joint training requirement Agree solution & budget Proposed solution PJHQ DSF DSTL Within Joint Forces Command

13. © Crown Copyright 2012 Levene Report Analysis

14. © Crown Copyright 2012 Future of Systems Engineering in Defence Defence Secretary & Ministers Head Office DE&S Air Command Land Command Navy Command Defence Infrastructure Defence Board SofS, Min, PUS, CDS, DGFin, CDM, 3 NEDs Defence Business Services Force Elements Joint Forces Command EnableGenerate and Develop Operate Strategic requirement & budget CDS directive Requirement & budget Operations Prime Minister & National Security Council Direct Account Industry Systems & services Acquire Requirement Proposed solution Operations specific requirement Joint training requirement Agree solution & budget Proposed solution PJHQ DSF DSTL Within Joint Forces Command Engineering rigor to the costed and affordable plan Post DE&S Materiel Strategy SE across Delivery Teams Tech coherence Gatekeepers with authority Authoritative tech reviews & repeatable processes Interoperable Capability assurance across and between Command Plans Understanding of Cost System Identification Governance with Authority Agility Engineering Understanding MoD – wider Gov, NATO, Comprehensive Approach UOR procurement Operational analysis Understand risk envelope Ensuring through-life support and an adaptable evolving capability Evidence-based decision making support Systems thinking across all Government Departments? Systems Thinking educated Treasury? Coherent Capability Planning across all the Front Line Commands Agility Engineering TLCM Planning X-DLOD Trading JFC Driving Joint Coherence Understanding cost / value of coherence Gap Analysis Understand risk envelope

15. © Crown Copyright 2012 Future of Systems Engineering in Defence Defence Secretary & Ministers Head Office DE&S Air Command Land Command Navy Command Defence Infrastructure Defence Board SofS, Min, PUS, CDS, DGFin, CDM, 3 NEDs Defence Business Services Force Elements Joint Forces Command EnableGenerate and Develop Operate Strategic requirement & budget CDS directive Requirement & budget Operations Prime Minister & National Security Council Direct Account Industry Systems & services Acquire Requirement Proposed solution Operations specific requirement Joint training requirement Agree solution & budget Proposed solution PJHQ DSF DSTL Within Joint Forces Command Systems Engineering Enable Exports Boundary Understanding Assumption Dependency Mgt Coherent Knowledge Base Risk – elicitation Risk – management Understanding VFM Shared Architecture Ownership Market / COTS Understanding Change Management

16. © Crown Copyright 2012 Systems Approach Standard - Contributions Template DIRECT DEVELOP ACQUIRE GENERATE OPERATE ENABLE

17. © Crown Copyright 2012 Systems Approach Standard - Contributions Template DIRECT DEVELOP ACQUIRE GENERATE OPERATE ENABLE Engineering rigor to the costed and affordable plan Post DE&S Materiel Strategy SE across Delivery Teams Coherent Capability Planning across all the Front Line Commands Interoperable Capability assurance across and between Command Plans Systems Engineering new home? UOR procurement Ensuring through-life support and an adaptable evolving capability Evidence-based decision making support An intelligent customer defining open principles and rules Systems Engineering role with S&T and the research programme Systems thinking across all Government Departments? ACCOUNT

18. © Crown Copyright 2012 The Defence Information Reference Model (DIRM) http://www.ea.dii.r.mil.uk/DIRM/Start/Default.htm

19. © Crown Copyright 2012 The Defence Information Reference Model (DIRM) Logical Top Down Defn Bottom-up Data & Information Defn

20. © Crown Copyright 2012 Summary There is significant change ahead –Skills Required –Behaviours Needed – Federated Collaborative (JSP906) Op Model requires FLC (SSC & JFC) –Systems Thinking Pan DLOD Trading –Architectural & Configuration Understanding Coherence Essential –SOSA –DIRM – CIO / CTO Danger of optimising components