1. Production Processes The following slides will describe the various types of production processes – there is an overview below One off production -one product is made often a prototype. Batch production -A small quantity of the product is made two or more up to hundreds. Mass production - A large number of the product is made on a production line. Many hundreds of the product could be made. This is often called repetitive flow production. Continuous production - Many thousands of the product are made. The difference between this and mass manufacturing is that continuous production is on 24 hours a day. Just in time production - The arrival of parts at just the exact time that they are required in the factory.

2. One off Production This is the type of production you did with your project – made a one off product (or prototype) It might take several days or weeks for a single craftsperson to produce a single item. It is costly in terms of labour and materials, but does produce a high quality product Prototype of a bicycle Unique (One off) chest of drawers

3. Batch Production Where the task of manufacturing a product is shared. Each person has a role in the production of a product e.g. one person marks out, another cuts the material, another joins the product together etc… A team of people can produce a large number of an identical product, in less time than if each person worked on their own. Working this way they can also respond quickly to changes in market demand and switch to making a different design Batch production products chair, newspapers, books, electrical products, etc… Marking out Cloth cutting Cutting parts Painting Assembly To quality Control Customer Simple Batch Production Diagram for chair manufacture Sanding

4. Mass Production A number of workers organised on a production line to make identical products very quickly, for eight or more hours a day for months at a time. Although this significantly reduces time and cost, all production quickly halts if there is a problem and changing the line to make a different product can take a long time Production Line(The product passes down the production line) Most cars and motorbikes are mass produced

5. Continuous Production Continuous production is when the production process is set to make one specific product twenty four hours a day seven days a week, possibly over periods of many years; this occurs in some areas of food production e.g. Bread, the production of chemicals, steel, energy, etc., where it would take a long time to stop and re-start the production process

6. Just in time production. Just in time production means just that. This involves the arrival of parts at just the exact time that they are required in the factory. This means that less storage space is needed at the factory, so saving space at the factory. If the flow of parts is stopped or is late the line will stop and this production technique could then become very costly.