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Published byVictoria Walters Modified over 8 years ago
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Catalyst – Match the following terms Consumer Detritivore Heterotroph Producer Herbivore Autotroph Carnivore Eats animals Produces its own nutrients from inorganic substances Eats other organisms or organic matter. Obtains energy by eating other organisms Eats plants Eats dead organisms or waste from organisms
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Interactions between different populations
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Communities Just as populations contain interacting members of a single species, communities contain interacting populations of many species Many species have a specific type of interaction with other species
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5 Major Types of Interactions Between species Predation Competition Parasitism MutualismSymbiosis Commensalism
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Predation (+/-) An individual of one species (predator) eats all or part of an individual of another species (prey). The relationship between predator and prey influences the size of each population as well as where each of the populations live.
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Predators are heterotrophs that can be carnivores & herbivores.
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Predator Adaptations Predator adaptations include Acute sense of smell Flesh cutting teeth Tongues or teeth suitable for chewing tough vegetation Camouflage Poisonous venom
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Prey Adaptations Prey Adaptations Include: Speed Resembling an inedible object Camouflage Deceptive markings Bright colors that warn of toxins
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Predation Mimicry – one species closely resembles another species. Predators learn to stay away from certain species that look alike Bees and wasps King snake (harmless) & coral snake (venomous)
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Red to yellow, kill a fellow. Red to black, venom lack. Red and black, friend of Jack; red and yellow kill a fellow.
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Catalyst What does the following picture show? A. Predation B. Producers C. Mimicry D. Competition
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Homework Read Section 1 of chapter 22 “Energy Transfer” and answer the Section 1 Review questions 1-5. Answers must be in complete sentences in order to receive credit.
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Competition (-/-) Competition – interaction in which 2 or more species compete for the same limited resource Lions and hyenas compete for zebras Plant species compete for soil or sunlight One species is often more efficient at getting the resource than the other. Less resource will be available for the other species.
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Symbiosis A close long-term relationship between two organisms. 3 examples of symbiosis Parasitism+/- Mutualism+/+ Commensalism+/0
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Parasitism (+/-) The host is harmed and the parasite benefits. Does not result in the immediate death of the host Can live outside of their host (ectoparasites) Mosquitos Fleas Ticks Can live inside of their host (endoparasites) Tapeworm Heart worm
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Parasitism Malaria parasite Hook worm Tapeworm
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Parasitism Parasite adaptations Organs of attachment (hooks, suckers, claws) Able to absorb nutrients through their skin Reproduction – produce more gametes Life cycles are longer Ways to fool the hosts immune response (molecular mimicry)
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Parasitism Host adaptations Skin Tears, saliva, mucus Immune system white blood cells
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Mutualism (+/+) Two species benefit from each other Flowers – bees, birds, beetles, butterflies Shark – pilot fish Sea anemone – clown fish Redbilled oxpecker – antelope, rhino, ox, buffalo
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Coevolution Co – Evolution (co adaptations) – the gradual and mutual change in two different species interacting with each other over time. Flowers, scent, color, petal shape
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Invasive Species An organism that is purposefully or accidentally introduced into an ecosystem and negatively affects the biodiversity by taking over niches of existing species. Examples (look these up!) Kudzu Zebra mussels Emerald ash borer beetle
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