1. Musical Periods

2. Antiquity Medieval Renaissance Baroque Classical Romantic Modern Present

3. Or…. AntiquityAssembling MedievalMany RenaissanceRubber Baroque Bands ClassicalCan RomanticReally ModernMake PresentPain

5. Medieval Period What comes to mind when you hear the word “medieval?”

6. Medieval Period Pre 1400 Unknown composers Unison Gregorian chant Troubadours/Minstrels

7. Unison With a partner, discuss what the word “unison” means. Everyone should be prepared to share. You will have thirty seconds from when I say go.

8. Unison Two or more voices singing the exact same notes.

9. Gregorian Chant http://fredonia.naxosmusiclibrary.com.dbsearch.fredonia.edu:2048/mediaplayer/player.asp?br=64&tl=143806%7C143807%7C143808%7C143809%7C143810%7 C143811%7C143812%7C143813%7C143814%7C143815%7C143816%7C143817%7C143818%7C143819%7C143820%7C143821%7C143822%7C143823%7 C143824%7C143825%7C143826&domain=fredonia.naxosmusiclibrary.com&pl_token=9F804C20-B15F-4260-AB97-9111881758CF

10. Gregorian Chant http://fredonia.naxosmusiclibrary.com.dbsearch.fredonia.edu:2048/mediaplayer/player.asp?br=64&tl=4018 7%7C40188%7C40189%7C40190%7C40191%7C40192%7C40193%7C40194%7C40195%7C40196%7 C40197%7C40198%7C40199%7C40200%7C40201%7C40202%7C40203%7C40204%7C40205%7C402 06%7C40207&domain=fredonia.naxosmusiclibrary.com&pl_token=4777F68C-35A4-40E5-ABB9- 0D15D27D829B

11. Troubadours/Minstrels https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZvaRMZPROSo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijqNBpOU5Vs

12. With a partner… Describe Gregorian chant: What does it sound like? Where was it sung? By whom?

13. With a partner… Describe what troubadour/minstrel music sounds like.

14. CHALLENGE QUESTION! Why do we have so little record of written music from and before the medieval period?

15. CHALLENGE ANSWER! Aural tradition: music was learned by hearing someone else sing/play it. The printing press: Gutenberg’s moveable type was invented in 1439. Age: Many documents were lost due to environmental damage or purposeful destruction. Standard musical symbols: The first known successful attempt was in 1000 AD with the invention of solfege.

17. Renaissance Period What comes to mind when you hear the word “renaissance?”

18. Renaissance Music Around 1400-1600 Renaissance means “rebirth” Mix of unknown and known composers including: Josquin des Prez, William Byrd, Giovanni Pierluigi Palestrina, Guillame Dufay, Johannes Ockegham Independent Voices Madrigals

19. With a partner… What does the phrase “independent voices” mean? Describe the sound of independent voices.

20. Independent Voices http://fredonia.naxosmusiclibrary.com.dbsearch.fredonia.edu:2048/mediaplayer/player.asp?br=6 4&tl=851034&domain=fredonia.naxosmusiclibr ary.com&pl_token=BFD6CAAD-7F83-432A- 9F6D-A562A0B18E8B https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jc19f19MGDE

21. Madrigal Singers

22. Musical Notation

23. Baroque Period https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fSICs-zPeYhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fSICs-zPeY

24. Baroque Period What kind of music do you think was popular during the Baroque Period? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GRxofEmo3HA

25. Baroque Period 1600-1750 Baroque means “ornamented” Bach, Purcell, Vivaldi, Handel ornamentation fugue

26. With a Partner… How do you think music can be ornamented?

27. Ornamentation Musical decorations that are not part of the main melody Often fast notes Many different ways to ornament https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HfhdIU3uS7A (4:40-5:03 without) (6:11-6:43 with) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGDH18R7GfA (1:10)

28. Fugue A fugue is a piece of music where the main melody (theme) is passed between parts and slightly changed. Bach’s Tocatta and Fugue (2:42) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dkQrj-eEs-M https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pVadl4ocX0M Sometimes sounds like a round

29. Musical Notation

31. With a partner… What do you think is the significance of the dates for the classical period? http://fredonia.naxosmusiclibrary.com.dbsearch.fredonia.edu:2048/catalogue/item.asp?cid=886444577601 http://fredonia.naxosmusiclibrary.com.dbsearch.fredonia.edu:2048/catalogue/item.asp?cid=886444577601

32. Mozart! Mozart lived from 1756-1791 The Classical Period is set around Mozart’s life.

33. Classical Music Around 1750-1830 Classical means traditional with high standards Famous Composers: Mozart, Haydn Opera Why Mozart?

34. Opera Opera is a musical production where all of the language is sung.

35. Mozart’s Opera The Magic Flute https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PEgJTeDYYtchttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PEgJTeDYYtc 2:11 Don Giovanni

36. Why Mozart? Why do you think Mozart was such a central focus for the classical period?

37. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Austrian Child prodigy: Began writing music at the age of 5 Published his first piece of music at age 7 Wrote his first opera at age 12 Died at age 35 having composed symphonies, operas, concertos, masses, and chamber music

38. Musical Notation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lLjwkamp3lI&index=4&list=RD1miohLVZobE

39. Romantic Period

40. With a partner… Why do you think the next musical period is called “Romantic?”

41. Romantic Era Around 1830-1920 Romantic means an emotional or idealist view Famous Composers: Schubert, Debussy, Dvorak, Tchaikovsky, Beethoven Symphonies and ballets Evolution of Opera https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-gApOfm4qd0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COmpaVjPyHg&index=36&list=PLLvV5CHJH-DleOdKdebns-PrGQAn4AX70 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jDcWAWRRHo&list=RD6jDcWAWRRHo#t=3

42. Symphony A symphony is a long musical composition divided into parts called movements. It is performed with full orchestra. 14:41https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t4N5-OALObk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHqtJH2f1Yk

43. With a partner Predict what will happen to opera in the modern period.

44. Modern Period

45. 1890-1930 Modern means up to date and current Famous Composers: Philip Glass, John Cage, Leonard Bernstein, Aaron Copland, Charles Ives, Igor Stravinsky, Bela Bartok, George and Ira Gershwin Atonality Musicals and Ballets https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XmgaKGSxQVw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H65K-DobFsQ

46. Atonality Music that does not have a key (no Do) John Cage: 4’33” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qWPCoayhjY 1:15 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qhrAEMC0mshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qhrAEMC0ms

47. Musicals Evolved from opera “operetta” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1dy44jV8EM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1dy44jV8EM Musical https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qy6wo2wpT2k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qy6wo2wpT2k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bxoC5Oyf_ss

48. Present Era

49. Present 1930 – today John Williams, Eric Whitacre, Stephen Soundheim, Andrew Lloyd Webber, Stephen Schwartz, Alan Menken, Hans Zimmer Soundtrack Musical Theater https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y8oDnUga0JU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dFBBKfw59kA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JaeBxYCI9k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m-WhOZZstiU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aAuWRE7FMf8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6LquMOdlJss

50. What is a Soundtrack? With a partner, discuss what a soundtrack is and where you might hear it.

51. A Soundtrack is… Soundtrack: a recording of the musical accompaniment to a movie.

52. John Williams “America’s Composer” You have heard his music everywhere! Do you recognize these examples? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCqUESCoB1w https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFNN_ADpYJ0

53. Musical Theater Musical: a dramatic work that uses both singing and speaking to tell as story. Often, there is a dance element as well.

54. What’s Next? For next class, be thinking of which musical period you would most like to learn more about.

55. Job Descriptions: Composers/Song: You will need to find at least two composers who were popular during your musical period. You will also need at least one song title to display on your poster that is from your time period.

56. Job Descriptions: Style/Instruments: You will need to create a short description of the musical style and instruments that were used during your time period. Your description should not be longer than 5 sentences.

57. Job Descriptions: Dates/Pictures/Title You will be in charge of making sure everyone has the correct dates for: the time period, the composers’ birth and death dates, the year the song was written, and the facts your group chooses. You will also be in charge of a title for the poster. It is your responsibility to make sure there are 3 or more pictures on the poster.

58. Job Descriptions: Fact Organizer: You are in charge of the 5 facts about your time period.

59. So…Which Time Period? First: Miss P. will randomly ask the class to each choose their first choice of time period Second: Miss P. will go in reverse order to determine the job each person will have in the group.