1. Essay Writing Making the Transition from the Paragraph to the Essay.

2. The Recipe ParagraphEssay Introduction (1 - 2 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters

3. The Recipe ParagraphEssay Introduction (1 - 2 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Introduction (2 - 3 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters

4. The Recipe ParagraphEssay Introduction (1 - 2 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Introduction (2 - 3 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Topic Sentence (1 sentence) an opinion 3 ways to prove it predicts the order of the body sentences

5. The Recipe ParagraphEssay Introduction (1 - 2 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Introduction (2 - 3 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Topic Sentence (1 sentence) an opinion 3 ways to prove it predicts the order of the body sentences Thesis Statement (1 - 2 sentences) an opinion 3 ways to prove it (sub-topics) predicts the order of the body paragraphs

6. The Recipe ParagraphEssay Introduction (1 - 2 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Introduction (2 - 3 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Topic Sentence (1 sentence) an opinion 3 ways to prove it predicts the order of the body sentences Thesis Statement (1 - 2 sentences) an opinion 3 ways to prove it (sub-topics) predicts the order of the body paragraphs Body (3 – 6 sentences) 3 pieces of evidence facts quotations specific and detailed

7. The Recipe ParagraphEssay Introduction (1 - 2 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Introduction (2 - 3 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Topic Sentence (1 sentence) an opinion 3 ways to prove it predicts the order of the body sentences Thesis Statement (1 - 2 sentences) an opinion 3 ways to prove it (sub-topics) predicts the order of the body paragraphs Body (3 – 6 sentences) 3 pieces of evidence facts quotations specific and detailed Body (3 paragraphs) 3 pieces of evidence in each facts quotations explanations and links to the thesis

8. The Recipe ParagraphEssay Introduction (1 - 2 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Introduction (2 - 3 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Topic Sentence (1 sentence) an opinion 3 ways to prove it predicts the order of the body sentences Thesis Statement (1 - 2 sentences) an opinion 3 ways to prove it (sub-topics) predicts the order of the body paragraphs Body (3 – 6 sentences) 3 pieces of evidence facts quotations specific and detailed Body (3 paragraphs) 3 pieces of evidence in each facts quotations explanations and links to the thesis Conclusion (1 sentence) restates topic sentence Leaves the reader with something to think about (So What?)

9. The Recipe ParagraphEssay Introduction (1 - 2 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Introduction (2 - 3 sentences) catchy start introduces the topic provides parameters Topic Sentence (1 sentence) an opinion 3 ways to prove it predicts the order of the body sentences Thesis Statement (1 - 2 sentences) an opinion 3 ways to prove it (sub-topics) predicts the order of the body paragraphs Body (3 – 6 sentences) 3 pieces of evidence facts quotations specific and detailed Body (3 paragraphs) 3 pieces of evidence in each facts quotations explanations and links to the thesis Conclusion (1 sentence) restates topic sentence Leaves the reader with something to think about (So What?) Conclusion (1 paragraph) restates thesis statement leaves the reader with something to think about (So What?)

10. Transitions Paragraphs have transitional words which unite the sentences in it.  Then, however, instead, etc. An essay must have transitional sentences which unite the paragraphs in it. Transitions occur at the start of each paragraph. Transitions remind the reader of what you just proved and link that to what you are about to prove.

11. Transitions Introduction, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, apples, bananas, oranges. Fruit, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, apples, fruit. Fruit and apples like bananas, bananas, bananas, bananas, bananas, bananas, bananas, bananas, bananas, bananas, bananas, fruit. Fruit and bananas like oranges, oranges, oranges, oranges, oranges, oranges, oranges, oranges, oranges, oranges, oranges, fruit. Oranges, bananas, apples, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, fruit, conclusion.

12. Planning Thesis This is the opinion you are going to prove

13. Planning Thesis Sub-Topic #1 Sub-Topic #2 Sub-Topic #3 These are the 3 ways you are going to prove the opinion. Together, these 4 items form the Thesis Statement.

14. Planning Thesis Sub-Topic #1 Sub-Topic #2 Sub-Topic #3 Evidence #1a Evidence #1b Evidence #1c This is the information you will use to prove the first sub-topic. Examples, quotations, facts, explanations, etc.

15. Planning Thesis Sub-Topic #1 Sub-Topic #2 Sub-Topic #3 Evidence #1a Evidence #2a Evidence #1b Evidence #1c Evidence #2b Evidence #2c Evidence for the second sub-topic.

16. Planning Thesis Sub-Topic #1 Sub-Topic #2 Sub-Topic #3 Evidence #1a Evidence #2a Evidence #3a Evidence #1b Evidence #1c Evidence #2b Evidence #2c Evidence #3b Evidence #3c Evidence for the third sub-topic.

17. Ms. T’s Example Life under Napoleon is worse than it was under Mr. Jones.

18. Ms. T’s Example Life under Napoleon is worse than it was under Mr. Jones. Living Conditions

19. Ms. T’s Example Life under Napoleon is worse than it was under Mr. Jones. Emotional Conditions Living Conditions

20. Ms. T’s Example Life under Napoleon is worse than it was under Mr. Jones. Emotional Conditions Equality/ Freedom Living Conditions

21. Ms. T’s Example Life under Napoleon is worse than it was under Mr. Jones. Emotional Conditions Equality/ Freedom Hours Food Labour Living Conditions

22. Ms. T’s Example Life under Napoleon is worse than it was under Mr. Jones. Emotional Conditions Equality/ Freedom Hours Fear and Violence Food Labour Lies and deceit Lack of hope Living Conditions

23. Ms. T’s Example Life under Napoleon is worse than it was under Mr. Jones. Emotional Conditions Equality/ Freedom Hours Fear and Violence Pigs in Farmhouse Food Labour Lies and Deceit Lack of Hope Pigs don’t “work” The Last Commandment Living Conditions

24. Ms. T’s Example Hours Fear and Violence Pigs in Farmhouse Food Labour Lies and Deceit Lack of Hope Pigs don’t “work” The Last Commandment “they were usually working when they were not asleep.” pg 75 “ did more work and received less food than any other animals in the country” pg 92 “To rebuild the windmill,... together with the regular work of the farm was tremendous labour.” pg 61

25. Ms. T’s Example Hours Fear and Violence Pigs in Farmhouse Food Labour Lies and Deceit Lack of Hope Pigs don’t “work” The Last Commandment “ did more work and received less food than any other animals in the country” pg 92 “To rebuild the windmill,... together with the regular work of the farm was tremendous labour.” pg 61 “The dogs promptly tore their throats out” pg 56 “The animals now also learned that Snowball had never... received the order of ‘Animal Hero, First Class’.” pg 65 “the habit, developed through long years, of never complaining, never criticising, no matter what happened” pg 89 “they were usually working when they were not asleep.” pg 75

26. Ms. T’s Example Hours Fear and Violence Pigs in Farmhouse Food Labour Lies and Deceit Lack of Hope Pigs don’t “work” The Last Commandment “All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others.” pg 90 “ did more work and received less food than any other animals in the country” pg 92 “To rebuild the windmill,... together with the regular work of the farm was tremendous labour.” pg 61 “The dogs promptly tore their throats out” pg 56 “The animals now also learned that Snowball had never... received the order of ‘Animal Hero, First Class’.” pg 65 “the habit, developed through long years, of never complaining, never criticising, no matter what happened” pg 89 “ the pigs suddenly moved into the farmhouse and took up their residence there.” pg 45 “ Squealer told them that the pigs had to expend enormous labours every day upon... ‘files’, ‘reports’, ‘minutes’ and ‘memoranda’.” pg 86 “they were usually working when they were not asleep.” pg 75

27. The Final Word An essay is a coherent and united piece of writing. Remember your purpose: convince your reader to accept your opinion. An essay is FORMAL. No “I”, “you”, “we”, “us”, or slang. Use all the steps of the writing process: plan, rough copy, peer and self editing, good copy