1. C ONSCIOUSNESS

2. What is consciousness? Awareness of ourselves and environment Different States? Cognitive Neuroscience Brain activity link with mental processes

3. D UAL P ROCESSING : 2 TRACK M IND Proceed on a conscious and unconscious track Blindsight: person can respond to visual stimuli without experiencing it Selective Attention Focus of conscious awareness on a particular stimuli Inattential blindness: failing to see visible objects when attention is directed else where Change blindness: failing to notice changes in environment

4. S LEEP & D REAMS Circadian Rhythm – internal biological clock Sleep – periodic, natural, reversible loss of conscious Sleep stages REM (rapid eye movement) Vivid dreams, muscles relaxed but other systems active Alpha waves – slow brain waves; relaxed awake state Hallucinations – false sensory experiences Delta waves – large, slow brain waves; deep sleep

5. REM About 10 mins Heart rate increases Rapid Breathing Eyes dart (vivid dreams) Occurs every 90 mins

6. S LEEP T HEORIES What affects our sleep patterns? Light in the morning & darkness (creates melatonin) Impacts our circadian rhythm Sleep theories Sleep protects Recuperates Restores and rebuilds memories Feeds creative thinking Supports growth

7. S LEEP D EPRIVATION Predicts depression More likely to get sick and be overweight Insomnia persistent problems falling asleep / staying asleep Narcolepsy Sudden attacks of overwhelming sleepiness lasting less than 5 mins Sleep Apnea Stop breathing during sleep Night Terror Children talk, walk, appear terrified

8. D REAMS & H ALLUCINATIONS Outside environment may be included in our dreams Why? Satisfy own wishes Consolidate memories Develop & preserve neural pathways Neural static Cognitive development REM rebound Freud Manifest content has symbolic meaning (latent content)

9. H YPNOSIS One person suggest to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts spontaneously occur Posthypnotic suggestions Dissociation

10. D RUGS & C ONSCIOUSNESS Psychoactive drugs – chemicals that alter perceptions and moods Addiction – person craves & uses substance despite its adverse consequences Tolerance – diminishing effect of medicine Increasing the dose Withdrawal – undesirable side effects Physical dependence – physical pain & dependence Psychological dependence – relieve negative emotions

11. D RUGS & C ONSCIOUSNESS Alcohol Barbiturates Narcotics Stimulant Nicotine Amphetamine Cocaine Methamphetamine Ecstasy Hallucinogens LSD Marijuana