1. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING Koushik Roy Bidhan kumar Majhi Guide: Subhajit Dinda Ankan Bhattacharya Prakash Kumar

2. PROJECT GOAL Design an independent Traffic light controller Implement in network co-ordination Built up an intelligence Traffic management system

3. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OPERATION CIRCUIT DIAGRAM BLOCK DIAGRAM HARDWARE DESCRIPTION FLOW CHART FUTURE SCOPE CONCLUSION

4. INTRODUCTION Traffic congestion is a severe problem in many modern cities around the world. Due to these congestion problems, people lose time, miss opportunities, and get frustrated. Due to traffic congestions there is a loss in productivity from workers, trade opportunities are lost, delivery gets delayed, and thereby the costs goes on increasing.

5. To solve these congestion problems, we have to build new facilities & infrastructure but at the same time make it smart. “Microcontroller Based Traffic Control System” is a kind of Automation system, which helps to control intelligence traffic management by static time scheduling. It uses simple Electronic components such as LED as TRAFFIC LIGHT indicator and a MICROCONTROLLER for auto change of signal after a pre-specified time interval.

6. OPERATION Microcontroller AT89C51 is the brain of the project which initiates the traffic signal at a junction. Microcontroller is programmed in such a way to adjust their timing and phasing to meet changing traffic conditions. The led’s are automatically on and off by making the corresponding port pin of the micro controller high. At a particular instant only one green light holds and other lights hold at red. During transition from green to red, the present group yellow led and succeeding group yellow led glows and then succeeding group led changes to green. This process continues as a cycle.

7. Circuit diagram Pin configuration

8. CASE STUDY Infrared sensor

9. BLOCK DIAGRAM MICRO CONTROLLER (AT89C51) 7 -SEGMENT DISPLAY TRAFFIC LIGHTS +5V UNIT POWER SUPPLY

10. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 1. POWER SUPPLY AC DC Almost all electronic circuits required Dc power supply. Dc power supply is a circuit which converts the Ac wave form of power lines to direct voltage of constant amplitude. An ideal regulated power supply is designed to provide a pre- determined Dc voltage which is independent of the current drawn from the source. The circuit mainly consists of transformer,rectifier,filter and regulator. TRANSFORMER RECTIFIER FILTER REGULATOR

11. TRANSFORMER A transformer is a device which step-up (or) step-down the electrical quantities according to the need. It adjusts the Ac level so that the appropriate Dc amplitude is achieved. RECTIFIER The rectifier used for converting AC to DC is Bridge rectifier. It consists of four diodes in which at a time only two diodes conducts.

12. FILTERS The use of Filters is to smoothen the waveform by eliminating the ac components from the rectifier circuits basically capacitors are being connected in shunt. REGULATORS Regulator maintain a constant voltage level independent of load condition or variation in the amplitude of the Ac supply. Here LM7805 voltage regulator is used. 2. MICROCONTROLLER UNIT Micro-controller unit is constructed with ATMEL 89C51 Micro-controller chip. The ATMEL AT89C51 is a low power, higher performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4 K bytes of flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM).

13. Micro-controller works according to the program written in it. The program is written in such a way, so that this controller energizes or de-energizes the relays according to the information received by the inputs. The 8051 series of microcontrollers are highly integrated single Chip microcomputers with an 8-bit CPU, memory, interrupt controller, timers, Serial I/O and digital I/O on a single piece of silicon.

14. 3. LED (LIGHT EMITTING DIODE) A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source. The color of the light is determined by the energy gap of the semiconductor. When a light-emitting diode is forward biased electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence. Electroluminescence (EL) is an optical and electrical phenomenon in which a material emits light in response to the passage of an electric current or to a strong electric field. The wavelength of the light emitted, and thus its color depends on the band gap energy of the materials forming the P-N junction. The materials used for the LED have a direct band gap with energies corresponding to near-infrared, visible or near-ultraviolet light.

15. WORKING OF LED

16. 4. DISPLAY A seven-segment display, is a electronic display device for displaying decimal numerals. A seven segment display is composed of seven elements. Individually on or off, they can be combined to produce simplified representations of the Arabic numerals.

17. There are two types of displays available. One is common anode type display and the other is common cathode type display. In common cathode type display all the cathodes of the segments are tied together and connected to ground. In common anode type display the anodes of all the segments are tied together and connected to supply and the required segments will be connected to ground. In this project common anode type display (H 101A ) is used. Port 1 is used for the seven segment data. The seven segments are arranged as a rectangle of two vertical segments on each side with one horizontal segment on the top, middle, and bottom. Additionally, the seventh segment bisects the rectangle horizontally.

18. FLOW CHART START Initialize Time0 As Timer Move next signalling data onto the port pins & start the timer Load delay value in Timer Update the 7- segment display for every minute Is delay completed ? YES NO

19. FUTURE SCOPE This project can be enhanced in such away as to control automatically the signals depending on the traffic density on the roads using sensors like IR detector/receiver module extended with automatic turn off when no vehicles are running on any side of the road which helps in power consumption saving. This project also allows better priority to certain vehicles like ambulance. when the IR detector receives this type of signals then it automatically transit to green. It acts as a life saving device.

20. CONCLUSION As traffic congestion has reached its peak level,we have designed our project much more enhanced and smart infrastructure traffic network. Sophisticated control and coordination to ensure smooth and safety traffic. Much more reliable and extended accuracy.

21. ANY QUERIES

22. THANK YOU