1. The Middle Ages 1066-1485

2. William the Conqueror & Normans The _________ never withdrew from England. William, the duke of Normandy, wanted to _______ the Anglo- Saxons, not _________ them. _________ Book – an inventory of nearly every piece of _________ in England that allowed _________ to be based off what people _________.

3. The Normans Change England Combined Anglo-Saxons’ democratic and artistic tendencies with the Normans’ _________ ability, emphasis on _________ and order, and cultural unity. Combined Anglo-Saxons’ democratic and artistic tendencies with the Normans’ _________ ability, emphasis on _________ and order, and cultural unity. Brought _________ and _________ Brought _________ and _________

4. Feudalism: From the Top Down Feudalism – based on a _________ concept of _____, with _____ as the supreme overlord _________ of lords and vassals

5. Knights in Shining Armor The primary duty of males above the serf class was _________ service to their lords. The primary duty of males above the serf class was _________ service to their lords. Boys were trained as _________ from an early age. Boys were trained as _________ from an early age. _________ was grounded in the feudal ideal of _________ and based on a complex system of _________ codes ( _________ ). _________ was grounded in the feudal ideal of _________ and based on a complex system of _________ codes ( _________ ).

6. Women in Medieval Society No _________ rights Always _________ to a _____, whether husband, father, or brother _______ ’s or _______ ’s social standing determined the degree of ______ she commanded

7. Chivalry and Courtly Love _________ – a system of ideals and social codes governing the _________ of knights and gentlewomen _________ – a system of ideals and social codes governing the _________ of knights and gentlewomen _________ love – nonsexual love where a knight _______ and adored a lady who always remained _________ and out of reach _________ love – nonsexual love where a knight _______ and adored a lady who always remained _________ and out of reach

8. The Crusades A series of _________ wars waged by European Christians against ________ Crusaders slaughtered _________ of _________ and Muslims. Europe _________ from its contact with the _________ Middle Eastern civilization.

9. The Martyrdom of Thomas a Becket King Henry II set his friend, _________, as archbishop of _________ (head of the _________ Church in England) in the hopes that he could gain the upper hand in disputes with the _________, but Thomas took the _________ ’s side several times. King Henry II set his friend, _________, as archbishop of _________ (head of the _________ Church in England) in the hopes that he could gain the upper hand in disputes with the _________, but Thomas took the _________ ’s side several times. Henry raged, “Will no one rid me of this turbulent _________ ?” and four of his _________ murdered Becket in his own _________. Henry raged, “Will no one rid me of this turbulent _________ ?” and four of his _________ murdered Becket in his own _________.

10. Effects of the Catholic Church At this time all Christians belonged to the _________ Church. Fostered cultural _________ Continued to be the center of ________ – its monasteries were the _______ and _______ of the time, and its language ( ______) remained the international language of _______ Europeans

11. The Black Death (Bubonic Plague) Highly _________ and spread by _________ from infected _________ Reduced the nation’s population by a _________ – causing a _________ shortage and giving the _________ classes more _________ power