1. Warm Up! Think of a manufactured good that you enjoy using. Identify three steps that get that product from its creation to the consumer. Label those three steps as primary, secondary, or tertiary (tertiary can include tertiary- quinary). Identify, it possible, where those three steps probably occurred in the world.

2. Political Geo FRQ’s Ugh. 62% average WITH CURVE Almost 20% A’s! Yay!!!!! Lots of lists without explanations 1 sentence answers Not attempting examples Not knowing vocab Some people explaining too much and giving examples (kinda yay?) Definitely yay—Topic sentences. “3 things are blank, blank, blank.” Then, explain each thing.

3. Europe countries joining together have caused some changes when they decided to be involved with the European Union. Changes include the countries giving up a little bit of their sovereignty, most countries changing their currency to Euros, and not needing a passport to travel between countries which can ease up on trade and unify the continent with common currency. An example would be that you can easily travel between France and Spain without a passport and do not need to change currency. This is an example of how the supranational organization changed the continent.

4. Supernationalism can help you economically. An example would be the European Union regulating its borders. This will make easy to transport resources within the European Union. Another way it can help you is be a supernation creating their own currency. It will make things easier to export money or to buy resources. An example would be the European Union, because they have their own currency, which are called “euros. Countries also have to give up sovereignty when joining a supernation. For example, when European countries join the E.U., they have to give up part of their sovereignty. Giving up sovereignty will help a country develop because they are being helped by the EU.

5. On the white board, quickly write your goal # and the goal title.

6. Sustainable Development Goals Line up in a spectrum of how important you feel your goal is for the future of humanity Window—Goal is completely unimportant Wall—Goal is completely important

7. Sustainable Development Goals Line up in a spectrum of how successful you feel the world has been in meeting your goal. Window—Goal completely not met Wall—Goal completely met

8. Chalk talk! What are the biggest successes we have had regarding your MDG? What global regions or countries have seen the most growth regarding your MDG? How? What are the biggest problems that still need to be addressed regarding your MDG? What are the regions or countries that still need the most work regarding your MDG? Make sure to make it clear what MDG you have while you are writing your response.

9. Industrialization and the Changing Distribution of Manufacturing

10. Cottage Industry People work at home and make products by hand with their family Inefficient, takes a lot of time to make one thing Very common for most of history, but became less common from 1700’s-present Why?

12. Industrial Revolution—You should really know what this is by now!!! Better mechanical technology made factories more efficient than cottage industries

13. Fordism/assembly line/mass production Invented by Henry Ford Everybody just makes one part and passes to the next person all day long Increased productivity and speed Created “industrialized countries”— countries that can mass produce goods

14. Weber’s Least Cost Theory Weber theorized that companies would locate their manufacturing plants in a way that would minimize costs in three categories: – Transportation – Labor – Agglomeration MOST IMPORTANT: Transportation costs

15. Transportation Manufacturing site must be somewhere that has a low cost of: – Moving raw materials to the factory – Moving finished products to the market

16. Bulk gaining industry—When the finished product is harder to transport than the raw materials used to make it (bread, beverages) Bulk reducing industry—When the finished product is easier to transport than the raw materials used to make it (steel, copper, paper)

17. Break-bulk point Ports, where large containers of goods are broken into smaller amounts to go to individual destinations

18. Weber’s 2 nd Category—Labor The lower the labor cost, the more profit a company makes. Cost of labor generally lower in cities (more people), so many manufacturing plants are in cities Also lower in developing countries

19. Weber’s 3 rd Category—Agglomeration When many of the same businesses (firms) are located in the same place Lowers cost because similar talents and facilities are located in the same place Ex.--Silicon Valley – Research triangle (North Carolina) More examples?

21. Ancillary Activities Activities near an agglomeration that support it Example: Agents in Hollywood Transportation companies near the Silicon Valley

22. Deglomeration When many successful businesses are in one place, labor and costs go up. Leads to many manufacturing centers relocating to other places with lower production costs As a result, many manufacturing areas are now in rural areas or small towns (cheap land, cheap labor)

23. Deindustrialization This leads to many industrialized jobs being lost in developed countries Remember the Rust Belt? The Manufacturing Belt of the United States is decreasing production to relocate to other areas

24. Break of brain point—Pictionary Race! 1.Deindustrialization 2.Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 3.Gross Domestic Product per capita 4.Millenium Development Goals 5.Good 6.Service 12.Agglomeration 13.Deglomeration 14.Weber’s Least Cost Theory 15.Industrial Revolution 16.Primary Industry 17.Secondary Industry 18.Tertiary Industry 19.Quartiary Industry 20.Quinary Industry 21.Bulk Gaining Product 22.Bulk Reducing Product 23.Cottage Industry

25. Four Major Industrial Regions North America, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and Eastern Asia Based on Least cost theory—why?

26. Economic Restructuring As deindustrialization changes the jobs available in developed countries, more service- related jobs are created Better paying, more technology driven jobs Still creates unemployment in previous industrial regions

27. Outsourcing The old manufacturing jobs get “outsourced” to developing countries or undeveloped rural areas Outsourcing/ Offshoring—Sending manufacturing centers to developing countries to cut labor costs

28. Export-processing zones— Areas of the world with few environmental laws, low taxes, and low wages, and minimal labor laws Great for outsourcing because of the low costs of production Example—Maquiladoras— Factories along the Mexican border where U.S. companies have built factories

29. Sweatshops—Areas with poor working conditions where goods are made Many do not have basic workers rights, such as minimum wage, air conditioning, limits on work shifts, or the right to unionize Child Labor

30. http://videosift.com/politics/video/TDS-Fear- Factory http://videosift.com/politics/video/TDS-Fear- Factory https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5oWG7 eyqA0&index=5&list=PLYmtFDr3DeHHG9FqB3 BJfAOeW3XpEaAPy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5oWG7 eyqA0&index=5&list=PLYmtFDr3DeHHG9FqB3 BJfAOeW3XpEaAPy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nsj-Vq- 4tLU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nsj-Vq- 4tLU

31. Globalization The idea that different parts of the world are becoming more connected Manufacturing centers are located around the world Companies have different parts of their businesses around the world Has expanded rapidly since the fall of the Soviet Union and communism

32. New International Division of Labor Companies and manufacturing are no longer limited to being inside of a single country (multinational companies) Different parts of the world play different roles in the global economy. Different regions “specialize” in different levels of industry – Commercial agriculture – Manufacturing – Service-based economies

33. Review Questions 1.What caused the change from cottage industries to mass production? 2.What are the three aspects of Weber’s Theory of Industrial Location? 3.What causes deglomeration and deindustrialization? 4.What does it mean to have a service based economy? 5.What regions of the world do jobs get outsourced to? Give a reason for outsourcing besides cheap labor. 6.What are the four main global manufacturing centers? 7.Define globalization. 8.What role does the United States play in the New International Division of Labor? Sub-Saharan Africa? East Asia?