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Independence of Brazil & Paraguay
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Portugal and Brazil Causes – No tension between Portuguese and native-born elites in Brazil. – Mercantilist policies. – Slavery didn’t factor in to Brazilian independence.
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1807- Portuguese royal family fled to Brazil (Napoleon invaded)
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Dom (King) Joao set up royal court in exile in Brazil.
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In 1815, Portugal was recast as “the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves,” demonstrating the new power of Brazil. Rio de Janiero became capital of Portuguese Empire.
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Independence of Brazil Dom Joao returned to Portugal in 1821. His son, Dom Pedro was left in charge. declared independence on September 7, 1822.
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Dom Pedro declared independence on September 7, 1822.
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Dom Pedro was crowned emperor on Dec. 1, 1822.
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Paraguay- Autonomous Revolution Located on the periphery of the empire Asunción – Yerba Maté and Tobacco plantations – Extreme poverty Declared independence- May 14-15, 1811 First Autonomous revolution in the Americas
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José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia Ruled from 1814-1840 Built a strong, prosperous, secure, and independent nation. Trampled on human rights, imposed a police state based on espionage, threats, and force.
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Paraguay after Independence Paraguay developed differently than other south American countries Economically self-sufficient High level of isolation from surrounding countries. Land-locked with access to the Rio de la Plata- Parana River/ Paraguay River
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Carlos Antonio Lopez Francia had not left a successor After a junta, and two coups, Congress named Lopez the first consul and then President in 1840. Ruled until 1862
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Future of Paraguay From 1864-1870, Paraguay fought a disastrous war against Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay over its borders. Paraguay lost territory and somewhere between 30- 60% of its population.
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