1. Geology Unit Review Mrs. Sheppard December 2014

2. What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?

3. Answer: The lithosphere

4. What is the densest layer of the Earth?

5. Answer: The inner core

6. What layer of the Earth is the hottest?

7. Answer: The inner core

8. Which layer of the Earth is liquid?

9. Answer: The outer core

10. Which layer of the Earth consists mostly of iron?

11. Answer: The inner core

12. What happens to the density of Earth as you move from the crust to the core?

13. Answer: The density increases with depth

14. Where are the lithospheric plates located?

15. Answer: The crust and upper mantle

16. What causes convection currents in the asthenosphere?

17. Answer: The rising of less dense magma and the sinking of more dense magma

18. As you move away from the mid-ocean ridge, what happens to the age of the rocks?

19. Answer: The rocks get older as you move away from the mid-ocean ridge

20. At what type of plate boundary does sea-floor spreading occur?

21. Answer: Divergent plate boundary

22. Where do mid-ocean ridges form? Hint: What type of plates and what do they do?

23. Answer: They form where two oceanic plates move apart

24. What did Alfred Wegener’s hypothesis state?

25. Answer: The continents were once part of one large landmass the over time broke into pieces and drifted to their present location.

26. What did finding fossils of the Mesosaurus on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean help explain?

27. Answer: The theory of continental drift – that the continents were once connected

28. What forms when two continental plates collide?

29. Answer: Mountains form

30. If you know where lithospheric plates meet, then what can you predict?

31. Answer: You will be able to predict where an earthquake might occur

32. What do you call the breaking down of rock?

33. Answer: Weathering

34. What do you call the movement of a sediment from one place to another?

35. Answer: Erosion

36. When does chemical weather occur most rapidly?

37. Answer: It occurs fastest in warm, humid climates.

38. What type of weathering is acid rain an example of?

39. Answer: Chemical weathering

40. Wind and water are the main causes of what type of weathering?

41. Answer: Mechanical weathering

42. What does weathered rock and organic matter make up?

43. Answer: Soil

44. Terracing, no till farming, crop rotation, and contour plowing are used for what purpose?

45. Answer: To conserve soil

46. Mining, building roads, farming, and constructing roads are all ways humans cause what to happen?

47. Answer: Erosion

48. What does planting plants when land is cleared help reduce? What does planting plants when land is cleared help reduce?

49. Answer: Erosion

50. The way in which sediments are laid down is called what?

51. Answer: Deposition

52. Which layer of the horizons contain the most amount of humus?

53. Answer: Horizon

54. Which layer of the horizon would be bedrock?

55. Answer: Horizon

56. When humans clear land of all plants and trees, what usually happens?

57. Answer: Erosion increases

58. Why is strip mining is bad for the Earth?

59. Answer: It causes the subsoil to be exposed so that weathering and erosion can occur