1. Domain 3 Flashcards (100-127) Industrialization, Reform, & Imperialism

2. 100 Native Americans living in the Great Plains. Culture clashes between white settlers and Plains Indians led to reservations and boarding schools as a way to “Americanize” the natives. (D) Plains Indians

3. 101 Leader of the Sioux. Fought against the US army and refused to give up Sioux land when gold was discovered in the Dakotas. Led his people to Canada but later returned to America. Practiced the Ghost Dance movement. (I) Sitting Bull

4. 102 1890 - A massacre of 300 Sioux Indians by the US military at Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota This massacre ended the Plains Indian Wars. (I) Wounded Knee

5. 103 Famous Inventor Invented: – Phonograph – Light bulb – Motion pictures – System for distributing electricity – Research laboratory Invention of the light bulb and electricity helped factories produce more. (I) Thomas Edison

6. 104 Finished in 1869 Built by Chinese immigrant laborers Connected the East to the West and allowed for faster travel and trade Caused conflict with Native Americans (I) Transcontinental Railroad

7. 105 Owner of Standard Oil Company, which was a trust and controlled 90 % of the oil industry in the US – making it a monopoly. (I) John D. Rockefeller

8. 106 Created when competing companies join together and turn the stock over to a group of trustees who run the separate companies as one large corporation. Example – Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company (I) Trusts

9. 107 Created when a company has complete control over its industry’s production, wages, and prices. Examples of monopolies: – John D Rockefeller owned 90% of the oil industry – Andrew Carnegie owned 80% of the steel industry (I) Monopolies

10. 108 Led the American Federation of Labor (AFL) Labor unions were created when workers united to fight for better working conditions and better pay. Made up of mostly immigrants and unskilled workers. (I) Samuel Gompers

11. 109 1894 - Pullman employees go on strike because of mistreatment. Led by Eugene Debs and caused a halt in rail traffic west of Chicago. Pres. Cleveland called on US Army to restore peace. 1 st time US troops called in to put down a strike at a private business. This is an example of industrial unrest. (D) Pullman Strike

12. 110 Before 1890 most European immigrants were: From northern & western Europe Protestant English speaking After 1890 most European immigrants were: From eastern & southern Europe Jewish & Catholic Non-English speaking As a result these immigrants did not blend well with American culture and established ethnic neighborhoods similar to their home country. (D) Immigration

13. 111 -Main immigration station on the east coast (located in New York harbor) -Most immigrants who came through Ellis Island were European -Had to pass health and welfare inspections before being allowed to enter the US (I) Ellis Island

14. 112 1882 - Banned Chinese immigration and is an example of anti-Asian sentiment. California passed laws against Japanese to prevent them from owning land or becoming citizens. Japanese immigration was also limited. (E) Chinese Exclusion Act

15. 113 Term given to segregation laws. These laws resulted in inferior education, health care, and transportation for African- Americans. (I) Jim Crow Laws

16. 114 Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of Jim Crow laws. Established the principle of “separate but equal”. (I) Plessy vs. Ferguson

17. 115 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Fought to overturn the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling. Sought full social and economic equality for African-Americans. (I) NAACP

18. 116 Progressive reform efforts led to better working conditions and limitations on child labor. (D) Labor Laws

19. 117 Progressive reformer who established a settlement house called Hull House in Chicago: – Social service agency that helped immigrants and working-class Americans learn home economics, cleanliness, English language, and legal rights. (I) Jane Addams

20. 118 Investigative journalists who wrote to expose the evils of society such as: – Political corruption – Child labor – Slum conditions Two well known muckrakers: – Upton Sinclair (food safety) – Ida Tarbell (monopolies) (I) Muckrakers

21. 119 Novel written by muckraker Upton Sinclair. Exposed poor labor practices and unsanitary conditions in the meat packing industry. Led to creation of: – Food & Drug Administration – Meat Inspection Act – Pure Food and Drug Act (I) The Jungle

22. 120 Muckraker who exposed political corruption in large cities. Wrote The History of Standard Oil Company to expose unfair business practices. Led to the government passing anti-trust laws. (I) Ida Tarbell

23. 121 Initiative - Bill that originates with the citizens who collect signatures to vote on a public issue. Referendum – A vote on an initiative Recall – Citizens can remove public officials from office before their terms expire by organizing a recall election. 17 th Amendment – Voters directly elect US senators (I) Government Reforms

24. 122 US President remembered for: – Leading the Rough Riders in the Spanish-American War (1898). – Being a Progressive President. – Leading the conservation movement and establishing national parks system (Yellowstone & Yosemite) – Supporting construction of the Panama Canal. – Issuing the Roosevelt Corollary. (D) Theodore Roosevelt

25. 123 Reasons why many Americans supported expansion (or imperialism): New Markets Cultural superiority Spread Democracy (D) American Expansionism

26. 124 Also known as “The Splendid Little War” (lasted only 16 weeks). US acquired Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines, and Cuba (as protectorate) U.S. emerged as a great world power The Spanish- American War (1898)

27. 125 After the US won the Spanish-American War, we bought the Philippines from Spain. The Filipinos rebelled, which led to the Philippine- American war (lasted 3 years, US won). The Philippines remained an American territory until 1946. (D) Philippine- American War

28. 126 Biggest engineering project of the era (opened in 1914) Theodore Roosevelt’s idea. Allowed shortcut between Atlantic & Pacific Oceans. (I) Panama Canal

29. 127 Policy added to the Monroe Doctrine by Pres. Theodore Roosevelt announcing that the US had a right to intervene in Latin America to protect U.S. investments and territories. U.S. would act as an international police force in the Western Hemisphere. “Speak softly and carry a big stick”. (E) Roosevelt Corollary