1. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Dr. Anna Lobovikov-Katz -Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Educational Toolkit Values and Awareness Module 1 Basic Course Topic1.1 What is cultural heritage? (Part II) Teaching Material

2. Dr. Anna Lobovikov-Katz -Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 2 Copyright ©ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2012 This material is an integral part of the “ELAICH – educational toolkit” and developed as part of the project ELAICH – Educational Linkage Approach in Cultural Heritage within the framework of EuroMed Cultural Heritage 4 Programme under grant agreement ENPI 150583. All rights reserved to the ELAICH Beneficiaries. This material, in its entirety only, may be used in "fair use" only as part of the ELAICH – educational toolkit for the educational purposes by non-profit educational establishments or in self-education, by any means at all times and on any downloads, copies and or, adaptations, clearly indicating “©ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2011” and making reference to these terms. Use of the material amounting to a distortion or mutilation of the material or is otherwise prejudicial to the honor or reputation of ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2011 is forbidden. Use of parts of the material is strictly forbidden. No part of this material may be: (1) used other than intended (2) copied, reproduced or distributed in any physical or electronic form (3) reproduced in any publication of any kind (4) used as part of any other teaching material in any framework; unless prior written permission of the ELAICH Beneficiaries has been obtained. Disclaimer This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the ELAICH Consortium and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. Photographs: Courtesy of Anna Lobovikov-Katz

3. Dr. Anna Lobovikov-Katz -Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Abstract The topic 1.1. What is cultural heritage? is the first and introductive topic to Module 1 “Values and Awareness“. This presentation is the second part of topic 1.1. It continues the introduction to the diversity of built (or architectural) heritage and is focused on its components and scope. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 3

4. Dr. Anna Lobovikov-Katz -Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Content Content of Topic 1.1 1.1. What is cultural heritage? 1.1.1. General introduction 1.1.2. Main types & categories of cultural heritage 1.1.2.1. Intangible cultural heritage 1.1.2.2. Tangible cultural heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage components and scope Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 4

5. Dr. Anna Lobovikov-Katz -Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Content Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 5 Topic 1.1 - Part II 1.1. What is cultural heritage? 1.1.1. General introduction 1.1.2. Main types & categories of cultural heritage 1.1.2.1. Intangible cultural heritage 1.1.2.2. Tangible cultural heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage components and scope

6. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3.1 Definitions Cultural Heritage: What is it? Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. - Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 6 Architectural (Built) Heritage: What is it? Architectural (Built) Heritage: What is it?

7. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. - Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 7 Architectural/built heritage According to the Convention for the Protection of the Architectural Heritage of Europe (Granada), 1985, the definition of architectural heritage could be summarised as follows: Architectural heritage is comprised of monuments, groups of buildings, and sites (including their components) of conspicuous historical, archaeological, artistic, scientific, social or technical interest. 1.1.3.1 Definitions

8. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 8 Architectural/built heritage: terminology Different terms has been used for buildings and sites to be preserved, e.g.: Architectural monuments; Historic monuments; Historic buildings; Historic buildings and sites. 1.1.3.1 Definitions Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. - Part II: Built heritage: components and scope

9. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 9 Architectural/built heritage: “The concept of an historic monument embraces not only the single architectural work but also the urban or rural setting in which is found the evidence of a particular civilization, a significant development or an historic event. This applies not only to great works of art but also to more modest works of the past which have acquired cultural significance with the passing of time.” Article 1. The Venice Charter, 1964 IInd International Congress of Architects and Technicians of Historic Monuments, Venice, 1964 http://www.icomos.org/index.php/en/charters-and-texts 1.1.3.1 Definitions Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. - Part II: Built heritage: components and scope

10. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 10 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. Built heritage comprises not only buildings, but also many other elements - the majority of them may be seen in this list. Components (elements)

11. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 11 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. Elements as part of a whole …and each single building is comprised of different architectural elements Architectural (built) heritage on a general level is comprised of different elements and components…

12. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 12 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. Elements as part of a whole Architectural elements keep a building as a whole not only “structurally” (e.g. if you pull a column out – the roof might collapse). They are also “keep it as a whole” visually. For example, what if we “clean” in our imagination this building of all its architectural and decoration elements? How would it look like?

13. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 13 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. Elements as part of a whole Architectural elements keep a building as a whole not only “structurally” (e.g. if you pull a column out – the roof might collapse). They are also “keep it as a whole” visually. For example, what if we “clean” in our imagination this building of all its architectural and decoration elements? How would it look like?

14. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 14 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. What is an architectural ensemble? - it is a complex consisting of several components while its parts are visually balanced. Often these components are of different kinds, e.g.: building(s), minor architectural forms (small buildings or pavilions, fountains, staircases, supporting walls). Sometimes an ensemble is an integral part of its setting – urban, rural, or garden/ landscape. Often architectural ensembles develop over the long period of time. In this case each subsequent architect/ builder adds to the unity of the whole. This calls for a differentiated approach to conservation of the parts, with an attention to each of them, while keeping the balance of the whole, and adds special architectural and other values (for values see Topic 1.2). Architectural ensemble

15. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 15 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. This example includes/ relates to Large and small- size elements of an architectural ensembles are closely linked, e.g. you can approach this sculpture and see it as an independent work of art.

16. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 16 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. This example includes/ relates to At the same time, this single sculpture is also part of a whole – one of many similar elements in the framing of the central part of the architectural ensemble of this palace, minor forms and gardens. Damaging or destroying just one “tiny” (relatively to the overall scale of this architectural open space) sculpture will damage the visually balanced image of the ensemble as a whole.

17. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 17 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. This example includes/ relates to An historic building may be part of architectural ensemble, including parks and gardens

18. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 18 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. This example includes/ relates to …and it may embrace a park with its buildings and the city view of Vienna from the Shoenbrunn Park

19. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 19 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. This example includes/ relates to Vienna And yet large gardens can include also small spaces, like this “green room” in the garden of the Belvedere in Vienna

20. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 20 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. This example includes/ relates to An architectural ensemble may include buildings, sculptures, columns, towers around the square…

21. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 21 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. This example includes/ relates to A historic building may be integral part of a larger architectural ensemble… the building of Trinita dei Monti and obelisque on the top, the famous Spanish staircase, flanking buildings, and Square and fountain by the architect Bernini – nothing can be taken apart without changing significantly the architectural balance of this ensemble (Rome)

22. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 22 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. This example includes/ relates to An architectural ensemble may include buildings, sculptures, squares, streets… and canals (Venice)

23. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 23 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. This example includes/ relates to Not only in outdoor architectural spaces the unity of whole and its elements is important. It’s correct also in the interior (inner) spaces of buildings, e.g. color and shape of curtains, furniture, vase match the design of this room. Albertina, Vienna

24. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 24 Built heritage: Historic Landscapes Historic Towns and Villages Architectural Ensembles Buildings Structures: supporting walls, bridges, etc. Minor forms: pavilions, sculptures, fountains, etc. Gardens etc. This example includes/ relates to The interior of this theatre (Teatro Olimpico by Andrea Palladio, Vicenza, Italy) is one of the world famous examples of the built heritage… And it includes not only the building itself, but theatre decoration as well, which creates an illusion of an outdoor street space. This wooden decoration was planned and built more than 500 years ago.

25. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.1.3. Built heritage: components and scope Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. – Topic 1.1. – Part II: Built heritage: components and scope Slide 25 Welcome to cultural heritage Welcome to architecture

26. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Thank you for attention Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. Slide 26 © Anna Lobovikov-Katz