1. Learning Cluster: Race, Voting and Party in U.S History Professor: James Spady Topic: U.S political parties formation and development history Student: An Pho

2. What are the primary parties in the US?

3. Republican Democratic Republican party and Democratic party are the two dominant parties in modern US politics. These two parties have won every United States presidential elections since 1852 and have controlled over the United States Congress at some level. 3 degWERw

4. How were the two parties formed and how did they become the main parties in the US?

5. There were many other forms of political party systems before the US finally ended up with two primary parties as today. That has been a long process since the beginning of the political history in the nation.

6. This is how it was …

7. At the beginning, there was no party at all in the US. The United States Constitution signed in 1787 by George Washington has never addressed about the issues of political parties.

8. Federalist No.10 written by James Madison wrote specifically about the dangers of domestic political factions. Madison, James. Federalist No.10. 1787. Yale Law School: Lillian Goldman Law Library. The New York package, 2008. Web. 26 Jan. 2013.

9. Federalist PartyDemocratic-Republican Party The First Party System of the United States featured the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party (Anti-Federalist).

10. James Madison & Thomas Jefferson Democratic-Republican party founders Alexander Hamilton Federalist party

11. Federalists Democratic-Republicans Federalists Democratic-Republicans Loose Interpretation of U.S Constitution The wealthy and educated Strong central government Support England National Bank and Tariff Factories Strict Interpretation of U.S Constitution All people State government has the power Support France Oppose both Farms Milkis, Sidney. Political Parties and Constitutional Government. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999. Print. 26 Jan. 2013

12. Federalist poster about 1800. Washington (in heaven) tells partisans to keep the pillars of Federalism, Republicanism and Democracy

13. Democratic-Republican Party In 1828, Democratic-Republican Party split into: Whig Party the Whig Party, led by Henry Clay. Jacksonian Democrats Democratic Party the Jacksonian Democrats, (modern Democratic Party), led by Andrew Jackson,

14. DemocratsWhigs DemocratsWhigs More farms, lands to raise the families in the traditional style White urban workers, farmers in the frontier and in more isolated areas Modernizing the economy, new factories, high tariff on imported manufactured goods Rich men in most cities, market towns and commercial areas. Gerring, John. Party Ideologies in America, 1828-1996. Cambridge University Press, 2001. Print. Jan 26.2013

15. Democrats Whigs. However, sectional and ideological tensions increased in the party system and led to the break down of the two-party competitive system between the Democrats and the Whigs. Eldersveld, Samuel, and Hanes Walton, Jr. Political Parties in American Society. Boston, and New York: Bedford, and St. Martin's, 2000. Print.

16. The parties again went through a transitional pluralistic crisis before the two-party system was reestablished. The Republican Party was formed with Abraham Lincoln as the first Republican President. After a period of Republican control to 1874, the two parties alternated control of the presidency and Congress. 1854-1860s: 1860-1892: Eldersveld, Samuel, and Hanes Walton, Jr. Political Parties in American Society. Boston, and New York: Bedford, and St. Martin's, 2000. Print.

17. 1896-1932: The emphasis during this period was to treat parties as public-interest organizations that should be subjected to legislative control. Since 1932: Technological development in campaigning and the new awareness of the role of interest groups in party politics Eldersveld, Samuel, and Hanes Walton, Jr. Political Parties in American Society. Boston, and New York: Bedford, and St. Martin's, 2000. Print.

18. => The two parties received majority of support from American votes to become the main parties in the U.S until now.

20. Please spend a little time to summarize what we have learnt so far

21. Party development process

22. And now, let’s spend some minutes to think of all of the Presidents of the United States of America in history. “U.S. Presidential Elections 1789-2012”, Youtube. Youtube, 20 Jan. 2013. Web. 26 Jan. 2013 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYlHICfl_6s&list=FLqAmLkHxtIXsEH3fril5 09g

23. Work Citation Madison, James. Federalist No.10. 1787. Yale Law School: Lillian Goldman Law Library. The New York package, 2008. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. Milkis, Sidney. Political Parties and Constitutional Government. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999. Print. 26 Jan. 2013 Eldersveld, Samuel, and Hanes Walton, Jr. Political Parties in American Society. Boston, and New York: Bedford, and St. Martin's, 2000. Print. Gerring, John. Party Ideologies in America, 1828-1996. Cambridge University Press, 2001. Print. Jan 26. 2013 “U.S. Presidential Elections 1789-2012”, Youtube. Youtube, 20 Jan. 2013. Web. 26 Jan. 2013 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYlHICfl_6s&list=FLqAmLkHxtIXsEH3fril509g

24. The end Thank you very much!