1. Medicine Helps prevent, treat, or cure a disease or medical problem

2. Ways to Use Medicine Medicine can be ingested ► ► Swallowed ► ► Pills, capsules, or tablets ► ► Liquids ► ► Dissolving tablets or fizz tabs

3. Ways to Use Medicine Medicine can be applied topically ► ► Rubbed on the skin ► Eye drops ► (like a bandaid) ► Patch (like a bandaid)

4. Ways to Use Medicine Medicine can be inhaled ► ► Nasal sprays ► ► Asthma inhalers ► Medical marijuana

5. Ways to Use Medicine Medicine can also be injected in a variety of ways

6. - Intravenous IV - Intravenous

7. Intramuscular

8. – (under the skin) Subcutaneous – (under the skin)

9. (inside the bone) Intraoseous (inside the bone)

10. Epi Pen

11. Classification of Medicine Medicines are generally grouped according to their affect on the body. They can: ► Prevent ► Prevent disease ► Fight ► Fight infection ► Relieve ► Relieve symptoms ► Help ► Help maintain or restore health ► Regulate ► Regulate body systems

12. Medicines that prevent disease These are called vaccines or immunizations ► ► MMR ► ► Hepatitis B ► ► Guardasil ► ► Chickenpox ► ► Flu

13. Medicines for Emergencies Epi pens are used for reactions Epi pens are used for allergic reactions ► Peanuts ► Shellfish ► Berries ► Nuts

14. Medicines that fight infection Antibiotics – either bacteria/pathogens or stop them from Antibiotics – either kill bacteria/pathogens or stop them from reproducing. They work only on bacterial not viral infections ► Amoxicillin ► Tetracycline ► Z pack ► penicilin

15. Medicines that relieve pain ► Narcotics – morphine (only used in hospitals) ► Hydrocodone ► ► Codeine ► NSAID – ► NSAID – aspirin ( relieves & reduces ) ( relieves pain & reduces fever) ► Ibuprofen

16. Aspirin Dangers Aspirin can be dangerous in the following situations: ► Can cause stomach ► Can cause stomach upset ► Can interfere with blood ► Can interfere with blood clotting ► Can cause Reye’s syndrome in children under 18 ► Can cause Reye’s syndrome in children under 18 with flu like symptoms ► Acetaminopen also called ► Acetaminopen also called Tylenol WHO SHOULDN’T USE ASPIRIN…

17. Products That Contain Aspirin ► Alka Seltzer ► Anacin ► Bayer ► BC Cold Powder ► Doans ► Dristan ► Excedrin ► Kaopectate ► Pamprin ► Pepto Bismal

18. Products That Contain Aspirin ► Acne cleaners & creams ► Arthritis pain relievers ► Astringents ► Dandruff Shampoos ► Exfoliating Moisturizers ► Facial Scrubs ► Facial Masques ► Muscle Pain relief cream ► Sport Strength Sun Block

19. Cardiovascular medicine 5 Main Types ► Betablockers – help slow the and lower the ► Betablockers – help slow the heart rate and lower the blood pressure ► Diuretics – increase urine productions to reduce the amount of water & sodium ► ► Vasodialaters – dilate the veins and arteries to increase the blood and oxygen flow ► Antiarrhythmics – used to treat any disturbance in the rhythm of the heart ► Clot dissolving medicine – lowers and helps prevent ► Clot dissolving medicine – lowers high blood pressure and helps prevent blood clots

20. Normal Heartbeat

21. Irregular Heartbeats

22. Ventricular Fibrulation

23. Body’s Reaction to Medicine Medicines have different on different effects on differentpeople. The way you react to medicine depends on: 1. 1. Your age 2. 2. Your weight 3. 3. Your physical health 4. 4. Your sex

24. Medicine Interaction Additive Interaction ► Medicines work together in a positive way (they help each other) Examples: ► ► Muscle relaxant & anti inflammatory Sports Injuries (circulation improves, swelling goes down, & healing can begin)

25. Medicine Interaction ► Synergistic Effect –results in a effect (one medicine increases the strength of the other) ► Synergistic Effect –results in a stronger effect (one medicine increases the strength of the other) ► Can result in an overdose ► Do not combine alcohol with any medicine

26. Medicine Interaction Antagonistic Interaction ► When the effect of a medicine is cancelled or reduced when taken with another medicine ► ► Oral contraceptives and antibiotics The antibiotic interferes with the hormone in the birth control pills and limits their effectiveness…(yikes!)

27. Other Problems Tolerance – the body gets used to the medicine. In order for the medicine to work the user must: ► ► Take a larger dose ► ► Take more frequent doses

28. Other Problems Withdrawal – occurs when you stop taking a medicine on which you are physically dependent. The following symptoms may occur: ► ► Headache ► ► Insomnia ► ► Vomiting ► ► Fever / chills ► ► Cramps (muscle or stomach) ► ► Nervousness or shakiness

29. Medicine Safety Medicine Safety is controlled by the FDA Safety is usually established through tests on groups of both and patients. Safety is usually established through tests on groups of both healthy and ill patients. The tests are a process and can take from years The tests are a step by step process and can take from 7-10 years

30. Medicine Safety (continued) Medicines can be released to the public in two ways: Prescription Medicine – available only with written authorization from a doctor Over the counter medicine – medicines you can buy without a prescription

31. Labeling ► When the FDA approves a medicine it is saying that the medicine is: ► Safe when used as ► Safe when used as directed ► Effective for treating the illness or condition for which it was ► Effective for treating the illness or condition for which it was prescribed

32. Prescription Medicine

33. Over the Counter Medicine

34. Medicine Misuse Using medicine in a way that is not safe ► Giving your medicine to ► Giving your medicine to someone else ► Taking medicine ► Taking someone else’s medicine ► Taking or of a medicine ► Taking too much or too little of a medicine ► Discontinuing without consent ► Discontinuing medicine without a doctor’s consent ► Taking medicine for a long of time than prescribed ► Taking medicine for a long period of time than prescribed ► medicines ► Mixing medicines

35. Medicine Safety at Home ► Never place medicine in a unlabeled vial or other ► Never place medicine in a unlabeled vial or other container ► Store medicines in a safe place out of the reach of ► Store medicines in a safe place out of the reach of children & pets ► Throw away any medicine that have passed their date ► Throw away any medicine that have passed their expiration date ► Do not buy medicine for children that looks or tastes like. that looks or tastes like candy.

36. Avoiding Quacks ► Secret ► Secret ingredient ► Miracle ► Miracle cure ► Overnight ► Overnight relief ► offer ► Limited offer ► Endorsements by ► Endorsements by celebrities ► Availability only through ► Availability only through the mail ► Foreign mail not available in the ► Foreign mail not available in the U.S. ► Hard sell ► Hard sell approach