1. Getting Started: What are the three parts of DNA? What is an amino acid? Concepts/Vocabulary: – Replication – Transcription – Translation – RNA – mRNA – tRNA – Ribosome

2. Getting Started: The double-helix (twisted ladder) structure of DNA had been discovered (Franklin, Watson, and Crick) but how was DNA passed on to the next generation? It must be replicated.

3. Replication: ATCAGCTTCATGGCATCAGCTTCATGGC TAGTCGAAGTACCGTAGTCGAAGTACCG TAGTCGAAGTACCGTAGTCGAAGTACCG ATCAGCTTCATGGCATCAGCTTCATGGC 12 1 2 TAGTCGAAGTACCGTAGTCGAAGTACCG 3 ATCAGCTTCATGGCATCAGCTTCATGGC 4

4. Gene Expression: So DNA is this super cool molecule that stores everything about me in it. So what? How does the code become me? DNA codes for amino acids. Amino acids are used by the ribosomes to make proteins. So how do we get from DNA to proteins?

5. Transcription: Uses a cousin of DNA called RNA. – Ribonucleic acid. – There are two types: Messenger RNA (mRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA) – RNA doesn’t have the nitrogen base Thymine. Instead it has Uracil. – So, Adenine doesn’t pair with thymine in RNA, it pairs with Uracil (A pairs with U).

6. Transcription: Uses a cousin of DNA called RNA. – Ribonucleic acid. – There are two types: Messenger RNA (mRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA) – RNA doesn’t have the nitrogen base Thymine. Instead it has Uracil. – So, Adenine does pair with thymine in RNA, it pairs with Uracil (A pairs with U).

7. Transcription: A T C A G C T T C A T G G C U A G U C G mRNA DNA

8. Translation: Turns mRNA into amino acids with the help of tRNA. Happens in the ribosome U A G U C G mRNA