1. Protein Synthesis Gene Expression

2. Protein Synthesis The process of making proteins… Boring stuff? Nope This is how the information in your genes is used to build… you!

3. The role of DNA The material that genes are made of… Gene - segment of DNA that carries the information necessary to build a protein. Information is encoded in the sequence of the four DNA bases (ATGC). A gene is a sequence of thousands of these bases that codes for a protein!

5. DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is found in what part of the cell? Nucleus

6. The DNA in a single human cell = 3,000,000,000 bases http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/photo51/jour- flash.html

8. DNA is Double Stranded Molecule The four bases that make up the genetic code (ATGC) form complimentary pairs. A pairs with T… G pairs with C. If one strand is ACGCAATTGCATT The other is TGCGTTAACGTAA This makes it possible for DNA to copy its self…

9. What is a gene? Segment of DNA that codes for a protein!!!

10. How do genes make proteins? The DNA is in the _______ of the cell. Protein synthesis takes place at the __________…in the cytoplasm. The information needs to leave the nucleus… Do you think the DNA can leave the nucleus?

11. Transcription The information in the DNA is encoded in a molecule of RNA (Transcribed). DNA can’t leave the nucleus …a messenger is sent. RNA is the messenger. (mRNA) DNA = ATGCGTTAC RNA= UACGCAAUG

12. Translation At the ribosome, the messenger RNA provides the instructions for building a protein… The information is translated from the language of DNA/RNA to the language of proteins.

13. Watch this! Transcription http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/dna/DNAi _transcription_vo1.html Translation http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/media/DN Ai_translation_vo1-lg.mov

14. Make a Diagram Showing Transcription and Translation Include: Cell Nucleus, DNA, DNA bases, RNA bases, Ribosome. GATTACAGATTA DNA ribososme

15. GATTACAGATTA DNA ribosome mRNA Transcription mRNA Nucleus protein Translation

16. Describe what happens in transcription and translation Transcription – A copy of the information in a gene (DNA) is encoded into RNA (in nucleus). Translation – The RNA (messenger) serves as the plan for building a protein (at ribosome)