1. 1 GRAYWATER CURRICULUM

2. 2 Class 3 Homework Review: Graywater Codes & Regulations Questions on Chapter 16 1.How many inches must the graywater outlet be covered? 2 inches 1602.1 (D) General, 1602.1.1 (7) Clothes Washer System, 1602.11.2 (5) Irrigation Field 2.According to the CPC, how many gallon/day of graywater would be generated from a family of four in a three bedroom house? 4 x 40 = 160 gallon/day 1602.8.1 Residential Occupancies (procedure for estimating graywater discharge) 3.How many gallons of graywater does your house's shower produce per day? Estimate from your own calculations (gpm of shower x minutes per day), and from the code. 1602.8.1 Residential Occupancies (procedure for estimating graywater discharge) 4.What kinds of plants can you NOT irrigate with graywater according to the code? root crops or food crops intended for human consumption that come in contact with the soil 1602.2.1 Discharge

3. 3 Class 3 Homework Review: Graywater Codes and Regulations 5.What is one difference between a simple system and a complex system? simple systems are for less than 250 gpd, complex systems for more than 250 gpd 1602.1.2 Simple System or 1602.1.3 Complex System 6.Out of the 12 guidelines for permit exempt washing machine systems, what do you think the most important one is? Say why. answers will vary 1062.1.1 Clothes Washer System 7.How far does the irrigation field need to be from a property line? 5 feet (1.5 feet for drip and mulch basin irrigation systems) Table 1602.4 Location of Gray Water System 8.How should graywater pipes be labeled? "CAUTION: NONPOTABLE WATER, DO NOT DRINK" 1602.12 Gray Water System Color and Marking Information 9.Write one question you have about the code.

4. 4 Class 4 Homework Review: Sizing Irrigation Fields

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8. 8 Laundry to Landscape A laundry-to-landscape graywater system captures graywater from the discharge hose of your washing machine, enabling you to reuse the water without altering the existing plumbing in your home. The graywater is distributed through an irrigation line with outlets directing water to specific plants. This system is low-cost, easy to install, and very flexible if you need to make future changes to your home or landscaping.

9. 9 Laundry to Landscape - Step by Step Laundry to Landscape inside portion: Step 1: Connecting the 3-way diverter Valve Step 2: Drilling hole for pipe to exit Step 3: Anti-siphon component Step 4: Plumb to hole Step 5: Plumb to Sewer Connection Step 6: Strap pipe/diverter valve Step 7: Label pipe and 3-way diverter valve Laundry to Landscape outside portion: Step 8: Piping to irrigation field Step 9: Calculate and dig mulch basins, build mulch shields Step 10: Trench from PVC to mulch basins Step 11: Lay tubing Step 12: Test and Tune System

10. 10 Laundry to Landscape (materials cost $100-$250) Clean Water Components IndoorOutdoor

11. 11 Parts for Laundry to Landscape You can purchase most of the parts you need from large irrigation stores; 1-inch brass 3-way diverter valves are available from some plumbing supply stores, and complete laundry-to landscape kits can be found online. Outdoor 1 inch x 0.5 inch barbed tee or 1 inch x 0.5 inch tee “Green back” valve (as needed) Barbed 1-inch female hose thread adapter 1-inch schedule 40 PVC pipe 1-inch HDPE tubing Mulch shield or valve box Indoor 3-way diverter valve (brass) Auto vent (or air admittance valve) 1-inch PVC fittings (tee, elbows, adaptors) 1.5 –inch PVC fittings for auto vent Hose clamps Pipe clamps

12. 12 Tools for Laundry to Landscape Measuring tape Stud finder PVC cutting tools (ratcheting cutters, saw, tubing cutters) 2 pairs of channel locks Torpedo level Drill (1.5" hole saw, 1/4" pilot bit,) Screwdriver Hammer Tin snips Caulking gun Digging tools (Shovel, pick axe) Wheel barrow Permanent marker Gloves Rags Below are some tools that may be helpful for a Laundry to Landscape installation:

13. 13 Laundry to Landscape Site Assessment Before beginning installation of a Laundry to Landscape complete a site assessment: 1.Location of washing machine – is it on an exterior wall? 2.Fixtures 3.Permit / Notification Form? 4.Plants 5.Products / Materials 6.Environmental Considerations 7.Potential Hazards 8.Rebates 9.Soil composition analysis 10.Create a plot plan See your Class 5: Site Assessment handout

14. 14 Laundry to Landscape Site Assessment

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16. 16 Laundry to Landscape - Inside Portion 3-way diverter valve; Auto vent; 1" pipe (PVC); Swing check Backflow preventer (if water is going uphill) Photo Credit: Greywater Gardens

17. 17 What is a Three-Way diverter valve and Why Use it? Three-way diverter valves allow water to be diverted between two destinations In graywater systems they allow for: water to be diverted from landscape to septic or sewer. This is useful if you want to launder with bleach or use other harsh chemicals, or in the rainy season when graywater irrigation is not necessary water to be switched to different irrigation zones Ensure that the valve is full port

18. 18 Step 1: Connecting the 3-way diverter Valve 1”-brass 3-way diverter valve Hose clamp Washer hose (from machine) 1” PVC male adapter 1”PVC barbed male adapter 1”schedule 40 PVC pipe

19. 19 3-Way diverter valve Configurations a.Diverter valve must be above “flood rim” of machine. b.Washer hose must connect to middle port c.Use teflon tape (on threads) and glue (on slip connections) to make water- tight connections d.Secure with pipe clamps

20. 20 Teflon Tape Threaded Fittings Teflon tape helps prevent leaks. Wrap tape CLOCKWISE several times over. Don't “cross-thread” when screwing fitting into 3-way diverter valve. Tighten with channel locks.

21. 21 Troubleshooting tips for Connecting Washer Hose Washer hose doesn't fit onto 1” barbed adapter: ¾ x 1” threaded bushing ¾” barbed male adapter If hose is too large or small use threaded bushing with proper sized barbed adapter If hose is slightly too small- Heat hose with hair dryer or hot water, then forcefully push on

22. 22 Troubleshooting tips for Connecting Washer Hose Washer hose connection leaks (rigid hose) Tighten hose clamps, add 2 nd hose clamp Connect with piece of vinyl tubing

23. 23 Step 2: Drilling Hole for Pipe to Exit (through the wall/floor) a.Look for potential issues (electrical lines, insulation type, gas pipes, etc.) b.Drill a 1/4” pilot hole c.If no obstructions, drill hole for 1” PVC with d.1½” holesaw (drill from outside in, and inside out for a clean looking hole) e.Use proper bit for your wall/floor (wood bit, stucco bit, etc.)

24. 24 Step 3: Anti-Siphon Component Used to prevent a potential siphon from forming and draining the machine as it tries to refill. Options Autovent, AAV, In-line vent “breather tube” any vent tall enough not to emit water Must be at high point of system Must be accessible in case of leaks and for replacement

25. 25 Autovent Assembly Autovent 1 ½” threads 1 ½” FPT (female pipe threads) by slip coupling Reducing bushing 1 ½” x 1” slip

26. 26 Step 3 (cont.): Placement of Anti- Siphon High point Accessible/visible (not behind a wall)

27. 27 Step 4: Plumb to Hole Cutting PVC pipe: Use PVC cutters or handsaw Remember to calculate the length of pipe that will “slip” into the fitting when figuring your measurements Use as few fittings as possible to minimize friction

28. 28 Step 5: Plumb to Sewer Connection Gluing PVC Use Gorilla PVC glue if possible (it's much less toxic than regular PVC primer and glue) 1.Clean and dry pipe 2.Apply glue to the inside of the fitting “hub” first 3.Apply glue to the outside of the pipe 4.Push together quickly, inserting all the way, rotate slightly to spread glue evenly, and hold a second as it will try to push out

29. 29 Step 6: Strap Pipe/ Diverter Valve Use 2-hole straps or plumbers tape Add wood blocking as necessary Strap so diverter valve is secure

30. 30 Step 7: Label Pipe and 3-way Diverter Valve Label pipe: “Caution: Non-potable water, do not drink” Label diverter valve showing direction of graywater

31. 31 Activity 1: Identifying Parts Identify and label the images in your Activity. 1.3-way valve 2.PVC 1-in. male adapter 3.1-in. barbed male adapter 4.Hose clamp 5.PCV 1-in. x 1.5 in. bushing 6.Auto vent 7.1-in. PVC tee 8.1-in. schedule 40 PVC pipe

32. 32 Laundry to Landscape – Outside Portion Step 8: Piping to irrigation field Step 9: Calculate and dig mulch basins, build mulch shields Step 10: Trench from PVC to mulch basins Step 11: Lay tubing Step 12: Test and Tune System

33. 33 Step 8: Piping to Irrigation Field You may have to pipe around decks, patios, etc. You may need to bypass hardscape Options: go under it, go around it, remove it, cut a strip of it, cut across the driveway and patch in Maintain a downwards slope Paint exposed PVC pipe to protect from UV Caulk holes at building exit points

34. 34 Step 9: Mulch Basins Refer to Class 3 and Table 1602.10, for information on sizing the irrigation area Plan for mature plant size Type of SoilMinimum sqft of irrigation area per 100 gallons of graywater/day Max absorption capacity (gallon/sqft/ day) Coarse sand or gravel 205.0 Fine Sand254.0 Sandy Loam402.5 Sandy Clay601.7 Clay w/ considerable sand or gravel 901.1 Clay w/small amounts of sand or gravel 1200.8

35. 35 Step 9: Mulch Shields The purpose of a mulch shield is to provide graywater water outlet pipes with protection from soil and plant roots Can use small valve boxes or inverted plant containers Graywater discharge 2 in. under mulch shield for code compliance

36. 36 Step 10: Trench from PVC to mulch basins Dig a trench, about 4 inches deep, from the PVC pipe to the first mulch basin. Continue the trench to all the basins, taking the most direct route possible while avoiding sharp turns. If possible, maintain a slight downward slope or at least a level gradient. If the system has dips and rises, it will be harder to get even distribution of water.

37. 37 Step 10: Trench from PVC to mulch basins; Slope Slope Protect your washing machine's pump: Flat yard- no more than 50 ft. Don't pump more than 2' above the rim of the machine With friction loss every 50' flat= 1.5' rise Downhill slope - no rule on distance Uphill slope - not recommended! Use a swing check valve to prevent back flow into the machine

38. 38 Step 11: Lay Tubing Roll the HDPE tubing out in the trench to all of the mulch basins, staking the tubing so that it stays in place At each irrigation point, cut the tubing and insert a 1-inch by ½ inch barbed tee into the tubing Attach a short section of ½ inch poly tubing as needed to reach each basin, and insert it into the mulch shield Maintain a 1-inch open end at some point in the system

39. 39 Step 12: Test and Tune System Test system for leaks and operation before burying pipes and tubing Tune flows in the system Take photos before burying tubing to include in O&M manual Bury tubing Caulk holes inside and out Post signs Post O&M Manual Adjust angle of tees Adjust ball valves

40. 40 Information to Include in O&M Manual Required info: Diagram(s) of the system and location of components Instructions on operating the system Details on start-up, shut-down, and deactivation Applicable testing, inspection and maintenance Contact info of installer/designer and component manufacturer Directions that the O&M manual needs to remain with the building for the life of the structure Other helpful info: What kinds of soaps to use A picture of the tubing before it is buried

41. 41 Key points for L2L Asses site for Laundry to Landscape compatibility Follow all code guidelines Use a 3-way diverter valve Look for potential problems before drilling Anti-siphon component Plumb to house exit point and sewer connection Strap pipes and label Calculate and dig mulch basins, build mulch shields Trench from PVC to mulch basins, Lay tubing Write O&M manual

42. 42 8.Auto-vent or Air Admittance Valve 9.Barbed 1" Female Hose Thread Adaptor 10.Barbed 1" Adapter 11.1" Tee 12.1" x 1/2" Reducing Tee 13.1/2" Tubing 14.Poly 1" Tubing - 100' coil 15.Mulch Shield 16.Ball Valve 17.1/2" Male Adaptor 18.1" Coupling 1.PVC 1" 90 Elbow 2.PVC 1" Male Adapter 3.3-Way diverter Valve Brass 1" 4.Barbed 1" Male Adapter 5.PVC 1" Tee 6.PVC 1.5" x 1" Reducing Bushing 7.PVC 1.5" Female Adapter Activity 2 Fill in the blank: Laundry to Landscape

43. 43 Homework Review handouts: Installation overview Client interview and site assessment Graywater operations and maintenance manual