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Published byKerry Harris Modified over 8 years ago
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Wave Definition: A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place. A medium, a medium is the material through which a wave travels. A medium can be a gas, liquid, or solid.
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What causes waves? Waves are created when a source of energy causes a medium to vibrate. A vibration is a repeated back and forth or up and down motion.
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Mechanical Waves Mechanical Waves (sound) require a medium to travel Waves are classified according to how they move.
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Transverse wave Waves that move the medium at right angles to the direction in which the waves are traveling is called a transverse wave. The highest parts are called crests the lowest parts are called troughs.
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Compressional Wave Matter vibrates in the same direction as the wave travels. Example: Slinky
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Compressional wave The parts,where the coils are close together are called compressions, the parts where the coils are spread out are called rarefactions.
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Electromagnetic Waves EM Waves (light) do not require a medium to travel
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Properties of Waves
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Basic Properties of Waves Amplitude Wavelength Frequency Speed
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Amplitude Amplitude is the maximum distance the particles of the medium carrying the wave move away from their rest positions.
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Wavelength The distance a wave travels before it repeats is called the wavelength. Transverse measure from crest to crest or trough to trough. Longitudinal measure from one compression to the next.
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Frequency The number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time. Number of vibrations per second. Frequency measured in hertz (Hz).
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Speed Waves Waves in different mediums travel at different speeds. Solids (Steel)= fastest Liquid (Water) = middle Gas (Air) = slowest
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Ways Waves Interact Reflection Refraction Diffraction Interference Constructive Destructive
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Reflection When an object or wave hits a surface through which it cannot pass, it bounces back. Examples Mirror (light) Echo (sound)
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- Refraction is when a wave moves from one medium into another medium - Wave changes speed as it enters the second medium which causes it to bend
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Diffraction When a wave passes a barrier or moves through a hole in a barrier it bends and spreads out.
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Interference Constructive interference occurs whenever two waves combine to make a wave with a larger amplitude. Destructive interference when the amplitudes of two waves combine producing a smaller amplitude.
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Constructive Interference Destructive Interference
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