1. Manifest Destiny, Trail of Tears &

2. Manifest Destiny The belief that America should spread from coast to coast or from east to west  destined, or meant to, expand the U.S. from “Sea to Shining Sea” The belief that the US was destined to expand  God given right to spread their culture throughout the continent

3. MOTIVES FOR EXPANSION ECONOMIC  Expansion of Slavery/ Cheap Land / SF Gold Rush  Create New Markets – Capitalism!!! NATIONALISM  Expel Foreign Powers (Britain, Spain) RELIGIOUS  God favors us “Americans”  “American Exceptionalism”  Natives are heathens – convert (Americanize) or get them out CULTURAL  Population Growth  American Cultural and Racial Superiority

4. John Gast, American Progress, 1872.

5. Manifest Destiny 1. Describe what the picture is as if you were describing it to a blind student. 2. What symbolism is being used in this image? What do you think they mean?

6. Manifest Destiny Video Clip

7. Manifest Destiny Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YLmUhT9QOlE

9. This picture, the trail of tears, was painted by Robert Lindneux in 1942. It honors the suffering of the Cherokee people under forced removal. If any depictions of the "trail of tears" were created at the time of the march, they have not survived. ____________________________________________ In 1838 and 1839, as part of president Andrew Jackson's Indian removal policy, the Cherokee nation was forced to give up its lands east of the Mississippi river and to migrate to an area in present-day Oklahoma. The Cherokee people called this journey the "trail of tears," because of its devastating effects. The migrants faced hunger, disease, and exhaustion on the forced march. Over 4,000 out of 15,000 of the Cherokees died. Questions 1. What law forced American Indians in the Southeast off their land in 1830? 2. Where were they forced to march? 3. What were the conditions on the march? 4. What was the Trail of tears? “Trail of Tears”

10. Question: According to this picture, identify at least two hardships [difficulties] that Native Americans faced on the Trail of Tears.

11. “Trail of Tears” Video Clip

12. Trail of Tears https://www.schooltube.com/video/10ab73bc9f1d4d c89014/Andrew%20Jackson%20- %20Trail%20of%20Tears https://www.schooltube.com/video/10ab73bc9f1d4d c89014/Andrew%20Jackson%20- %20Trail%20of%20Tears

13. On January 24, 1848, when James W. Marshall discovered a gold nugget in the American River while constructing a sawmill in California. News of Marshall’s discovery brought thousands of immigrants to California from elsewhere in the United States and from other countries. The large influx of "'49ers," as the gold prospectors were known, caused California's population to increase so dramatically that it was incorporated into the Union as the 31st state in. Most of these people were from the eastern states who hoped to make fortunes in California. In addition, the gold rush triggered a global emigration of ambitious fortune-seekers from China, Germany, Chile, Mexico, Ireland, Turkey, and France. The number of Chinese gold-seekers was particularly large, though many Chinese did not intend to settle in the United States, which they called "the Gold Mountain." What was the Gold Rush? Gold Rush

14. “Gold Rush” Video Clip

15. Manifest Destiny Consequences USA EXPANDS Territory, Markets, Power, Influence Invasions of Native American / Foreign Lands Precipitate Conflicts / Wars Fuel Sectional Crisis Unconstitutional Acts Cultural Genocide

16. 1.What was the Manifest Destiny? 2. What was the Trail of Tears? 3. What was the Gold Rush? Review