1. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. CFU In your own words, why would thousands of people abandon their homes to travel west? Today, we will explore Manifest Destiny as the United States acquires the Oregon Country. Learning Objective Objective: Students will examine the causes and consequences of the Mexican-American War and how it fulfilled Manifest Destiny.. Name ________________________________ CFU What are we going to do today? Activate (or provide) Prior Knowledge 1 obvious fate Previously, we learned: -Manifest Destiny was the idea that it was America’s fate to spread across the continent (sea to shining sea) -America had acquired land 3 different ways -Texas had been annexed (or claimed) by the United States after Texas had gained independence from Mexico.

2. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. Concept Development CFU Describe some Americans’ attitude toward westward expansion. The Mexican-American War was the “final stage” of Manifest Destiny. It was a war fought between the United States and Mexico over land that Mexico controlled. The war began because of a border dispute 1. The disputed area in Texas is shown on the map. Mexico believed that the border was on the Nueces River. The United States believed it was at the Rio Grande River. President Polk sent troops into the disputed territory. General Santa Ana believed the United States had invaded and saw this as a declaration of war. 1. Border Dispute: when two countries disagree over where the border is that separates their two countries. Pair Share: Define border dispute in your own words. Pair Share: Where did Mexico believe the border was? United States? Pair Share: What did Mexico think once the United States sent troops into the disputed territory?

3. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. Analyzing Different Perspectives In this video, you will see the different perspectives of both the Mexican and American governments over the beginning of the war.

4. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. Analyzing Different Perspectives

5. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. Analyzing Different Perspectives Mexico has started this war. They have started this war and we must avenge the deaths of our fallen soldiers. America has started this war. They have invaded our land and forced our hand. Pair-Share: What is Polk not saying here? Is he justified (right) in asking Congress to declare war?

6. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. Concept Development CFU Describe some Americans’ attitude toward westward expansion. After two years of war, the United States defeated Mexico and claimed the northern Mexico territories as their own. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the Mexican-American War. Mexico agreed to several terms with the United States: 1.They agreed to give up Texas and recognize the Rio Grande River as the border. 2.They gave up half of their territory (Mexican Cession). 3.The United States would pay $15 million. Pair Share: What were the three things the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo made Mexico do?

7. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. Skill Development/Guided Practice: Cause and Effect We will take a look at events during the Mexican-American War. We will determine whether each event is a cause or consequence (effect). Cause: the event happened before the war and helped start the war. Consequence (effect): the event happened during or after the war

8. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. Skill Development/Guided Practice: Cause and Effect __ Congress votes to annex (take) Texas. ___ The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo takes the northern Mexican territories and adds them to the United States. ___ The United States Army captures Mexico City. ___ American forces move into disputed territory south of the Nueces River. ___ California is taken by the United States Army. ___ 1100 Mexican soldiers fight to defend Chapultepec. Six of them are remembered as Los Niños Heroes. ___ President Polk wants to expand the United States to the Pacific Ocean (Manifest Destiny). C E C C E E E

9. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. Geography Practice United States in 1801

10. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. Relevance/Advanced Question The Mexican-American War “completed” Manifest Destiny by adding states such as California. The Mexican-American War will be on the test. Advanced Topic: Connect to other events (What is the legacy of the Mexican-American War?) –http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/Mexican- AmericanWar/a/The-Mexican-American-War.htm

11. 8 th Grade Social Science 8.8.2 Describe the purpose, challenges, and economic incentives associated with westward expansion, including the concept of Manifest Destiny (e.g., the Lewis and Clark expedition, accounts of the removal of Indians, the Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears,” settlement of the Great Plains) and the territorial acquisitions that spanned numerous decades. Closure/Independent Practice Discuss the Mexican-American War and whether or not it was justified. Be sure to discuss the following topics: Border dispute, James Polk, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Santa Ana ________________________________________________________