1. Hydraulic Principles MSU Northern Hydraulics Wane Boysun

2. Basic Formulas area of a piston (in 2 ) = Dia. (in) x Dia. (in) x.7854 volume of a cylinder (in 3 ) = area (in 2 ) x stroke (in) cylinder speed (Feet / sec.) = (231 × Flow Rate (gpm)) / (12 × 60 × Area) force (lbs) = pressure (psi) x area (in 2 ) pressure (psi) = force (Ibs) ÷ area (in 2 ) area (in 2 ) = force (Ibs) ÷ pressure (psi) stroke (in) = volume (in 3) ÷ area (in 2 ) pump gpm = pump flow (in 3 / min.) ÷ 231 (fluid) hp = psi x gpm ÷1714 hydraulic power required = psi x gpm x.0007

3. Pascal’s Law Pascal's law states that "pressure exerted anywhere in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the fluid such that the pressure ratio (initial difference) remains the same." Force (Pounds) Pressure (PSI) Area (Square Inches) Force = Pressure X Area

30. Area of a piston Piston area=dia (in) x dia (in) x.7854 6 in x 6 in x.7854 =

31. Area of a piston Piston area=dia (in) x dia (in) x.7854 6 in x 6 in x.7854 = 28.27 in²

32. Force Force: how much mechanical energy a cylinder will put out pressure (psi) X area (in²) = force (lbs) (pressure) 3000 psi x (area) 28.27 in² =

33. Force Force: how much mechanical energy a cylinder will put out pressure (psi) X area (in²) = force (lbs) (pressure) 3000 psi x (area) 28.27 in² = (force)84810 pounds 42.4 tons

34. Ram side Area There is less area on this side of the piston because of the ram Ram diameter= 2 inches 2 in x2 in x.7854= 3.14 in² 28.27 in² - 3.14 in²= 25.13 in² 3000 psi x 25.13in2 = 75390 pounds of force

35. [Cylinder X] Bore = 3 Inches [Cylinder X] Stroke = 8 Inches [Cylinder Y] Bore = 6 Inches [Force B] = 2000 pounds Here is the information and the Questions… How many pounds need to be on [Cylinder X] in order to lift up the 2000 pounds on [Cylinder Y]? How much hydraulic pressure will be generated in this circuit? How far will [Cylinder Y] move if you push [Cylinder X] all the way down?

36. [Cylinder X] Bore = 3 Inches [Cylinder X] Area = 7.07 in² [Cylinder X] Stroke = 8 Inches [Cylinder Y] Bore = 6 Inches [Force B] = 2000 pounds Area of [Cylinder X] Area = Dia X Dia X.7854 Area = 3 in X 3 in X.7854 Area = 7.07 in²

37. [Cylinder X] Bore = 3 Inches [Cylinder X] Area = 7.07 in² [Cylinder X] Stroke = 8 Inches [Cylinder X] Volume = 56.55 in³ [Cylinder Y] Bore = 6 Inches [Force B] = 2000 pounds Volume of [Cylinder X] Volume = Area X Stroke Volume = 7.07 in² X 8 in Volume = 56.55 in³

38. [Cylinder X] Bore = 3 Inches [Cylinder X] Area = 7.07 in² [Cylinder X] Stroke = 8 Inches [Cylinder X] Volume = 56.55 in³ [Cylinder Y] Bore = 6 Inches [Cylinder Y] Area = 28.27 in² [Force B] = 2000 pounds Area of [Cylinder Y] Area = Dia X Dia X.7854 Area = 6 in X 6 in X.7854 Area = 28.27 in²

39. [Cylinder X] Bore = 3 Inches [Cylinder X] Area = 7.07 in² [Cylinder X] Stroke = 8 Inches [Cylinder X] Volume = 56.55 in³ [Cylinder Y] Bore = 6 Inches [Cylinder Y] Area = 28.27 in² [Force B] = 2000 pounds

40. [Cylinder X] Bore = 3 Inches [Cylinder X] Area = 7.07 in² [Cylinder X] Stroke = 8 Inches [Cylinder X] Volume = 56.55 in³ [Cylinder Y] Bore = 6 Inches [Cylinder Y] Area = 28.27 in² [Force B] = 2000 pounds

41. [Cylinder X] Bore = 3 Inches [Cylinder X] Area = 7.07 in² [Cylinder X] Stroke = 8 Inches [Cylinder X] Volume = 56.55 in³ [Cylinder Y] Bore = 6 Inches [Cylinder Y] Area = 28.27 in² [Force B] = 2000 pounds Load (Pounds) A Force = PSI X Area Force = 70.75 PSI X 7.07 in² Force = 500 Pounds

42. What do you Think???

43. [Cylinder X] Bore = 3 Inches [Cylinder X] Stroke = 8 Inches [Cylinder Y] Bore = 6 Inches [Force B] = 2000 pounds